Optimization of a hybrid storage system and evaluation of operation strategies

Münderlein, Jeanette; Ipers, Gerrit; Steinhoff, Marc; Zurmühlen, Sebastian; Sauer, Dirk Uwe

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.105887

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This is due to the narrowed arbitrage space and lower efficiency with more battery storage installed. Similar results have been found by Münderlein et al. (2020) that an increasing number of market participants decreased the price in the primary control reserve market in Germany.…”

Section: Case Studysupporting

confidence: 88%

An investigation of battery storage operating strategies in the context of smart cities

Yao

Ma²,

Fan³

et al. 2022

IMDS

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PurposeThe ongoing urbanization and decarbonization require deployment of energy storage in the urban energy system to integrate large-scale variable renewable energy (VRE) into the power grids. The cost reductions of batteries enable private entities to invest energy storage for energy management whose operating strategy may differ from traditional storage facilities. This study aims to investigate the impacts of energy storage on the power system with different operation strategies. Two strategies are modeled through a simulation-based regional economic power dispatch model. The profit-oriented strategy denotes the storage system operated by private entities for price arbitrage, and the nonprofit-oriented strategy denotes the storage system dispatched by an independent system operator (ISO) for the whole power system optimization. A case study of Jiangsu, China is conducted. The results show that the profit-oriented strategy only has a very limited impact on the cost reductions of power system and may even increase the cost for consumers. While nonprofit-oriented energy storage performs a positive effect on the system cost reduction. CO2 emission reduction can only be achieved under a high VRE scenario for energy storage. Integrating energy storage into the power system may increase CO2 emissions in the near term. In addition, the peak-valley spread is crucial to trigger operations of profit-oriented energy storage, and the profitability of energy storage operator is observed to be decreasing with the total storage capacity. This study provides new insights for the energy management in the smart city, and the modeling framework can be applied to regions with different resource endowments.Design/methodology/approachThe authors characterize two battery storage operating strategies of profit- and nonprofit-oriented by adopting a simulation-based economic dispatch model. A simulation from 36 years of hourly weather data of wind and solar output from case study of Jiangsu, China is conducted.FindingsThe results show that the profit-oriented strategy only has a very limited impact on the cost reductions of power system and may even increase the cost for consumers. While nonprofit-oriented energy storage performs a positive effect on the system cost reduction. CO2 emission reduction can only be achieved under high VRE scenario for energy storage. Integrating energy storage into the power system may increase CO2 emissions in the near term. In addition, the peak-valley spread is crucial to trigger operations of profit-oriented energy storage, and the profitability of energy storage operator is observed to be decreasing with the total storage capacity.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights for the energy management in the smart city, and the modeling framework can be applied to regions with different resource endowments.

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Section: Case Studysupporting

confidence: 88%

An investigation of battery storage operating strategies in the context of smart cities

Yao

Ma²,

Fan³

et al. 2022

IMDS

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“…Such an approach proposes a hybrid ESS that utilizes the maximum available solar energy. Hybrid battery storage systems can increase the profitability of the system, especially because of the multi-use strategy, as described in [28] for Li-ion and Pb batteries. This study shows that the calendar aging of batteries is a major limit instead of cycle aging.…”

Section: Electrochemical Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of electricity storage

Topalović

Haas

Ajanović

et al. 2023

Renew. Energy Environ. Sustain.

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With the expansion of renewables in the electricity markets, research on electricity storage economics is needed for a better understanding of the utilization of these systems and for improving the performance of intermittent variable generation. Collected up-to-date research of electricity storage systems published in a wide range of articles with high impact factors gives a comprehensive review of the current studies regarding all relevant parameters for storage utilization in the electricity markets. Valuable research of technical characteristics from the literature is broadened with the electricity storage analyses from an economic point-of-view. Analysis of selected technologies, considering different perspectives such as their profitability, technical maturity, and environmental aspect, is a valuable addition to the previous research on electricity storage systems. Comparing conducted analysis with the selected literature, electricity storage technologies are analyzed concerning their viability in the electricity markets. Given the current outlook of the electricity market, the main problems for storage's wider integration are still energy storage costs. These can be overcome with different applications of energy storage systems, integration of new market players, or a combination of storage technologies along with the implementation of new energy policies for storage.

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“…Especially in modular and hybrid BESS with multiple battery technologies the usage leads to a more complex control. [6,7,[16][17][18][19][20] Therefore, an EMS is required to ensure that all battery units operate reliably. [16,17,19] Within an EMS, a PDA controls reliability, efficiency, battery aging and battery load.…”

Section: Energy Management Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All BESS consist of one or often more different battery units. Especially in modular and hybrid BESS with multiple battery technologies the usage leads to a more complex control [6,7,16–20] . Therefore, an EMS is required to ensure that all battery units operate reliably [16,17,19] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational Validation of a Power Distribution Algorithm for a Modular Megawatt Battery Storage System

Koltermann

Jacqué

Figgener

et al. 2023

Batteries & Supercaps

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Large-scale battery storage systems have become popular for various grid services in recent years. A worldwide market growth for battery storage has led to increased competition in several grid service markets. Modular large-scale battery storage systems require a safe, highly available, and intelligent energy management system (EMS) in order to be economically competitive. One component of this EMS is the control for distributing the power requests between individual battery units of the large-scale battery storage system. As the EMS is usually undisclosed intellectual property of the system manufacturers, there is only little information on real-world operation available. To contribute, we present a rule-based power distribution algorithm (SPDA) in this paper and validate it through field tests on a 6 MW/7.5 MWh system that is providing frequency containment reserve to the German power grid. The results show that especially when combining different battery technologies, the SPDA can exploit individual technological strengths. In this way, the state of charge of the batteries, energy throughput and power load of the batteries can be controlled to extend the lifetime. Moreover, the SPDA managed to shift nearly 80 % of the energy throughput to one battery unit to protect less cyclic stable batteries and make use of the advantage of cyclic stable battery technologies, while fulfilling all grid service requirements. By shifting those large quantities of the energy throughput to more cyclic stable battery units, the large-scale battery storage system experienced in sum up to 45 % less cyclic aging with the SPDA than with a symmetrical power distribution algorithm. Furthermore, the operational efficiency of a large-scale battery storage system can be significantly improved via additional software adaptations of the power distribution, depending on the system layout.

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Optimization of a hybrid storage system and evaluation of operation strategies

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

An investigation of battery storage operating strategies in the context of smart cities

An investigation of battery storage operating strategies in the context of smart cities

Prospects of electricity storage

Operational Validation of a Power Distribution Algorithm for a Modular Megawatt Battery Storage System

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