Optimization of a High-Performance Poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride)-alumina-perfluorooctanoate Intercalated Ultrafiltration Membrane for Treating Emulsified Oily Wastewater via Response Surface Methodology Approach

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the ultrafiltration of water from emulsified oily wastewater through the application of surface-functionalized ceramic membrane to enhance its water permeability based on optimized parameters using a cross-flow filtration system. The interactive effects of feed concentration (10–1000 ppm), pH (4–10), and pressure (0–3 bar) on the water flux and oil rejection were investigated. Central composite design (CCD) from response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for statistical analysis, modeling, and optimization of operating conditions. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results showed that the oil rejection and water flux models were significant with p-values of 0.0001 and 0.0075, respectively. In addition, good correlation coefficients of 0.997 and 0.863 were obtained for the oil rejection and water flux models, respectively. The optimum conditions for pressure, pH, and feed concentration were found to be 1.5 bar, pH 8.97, and 10 ppm, respectively with water flux and oil rejection maintained at 152 L/m2·h and 98.72%, respectively. Hence, the functionalized ultrafiltration ceramic membrane enables the separation efficiency of the emulsified oil in water to be achieved.

Statistical Simulation, a Tool for the Process Optimization of Oily Wastewater by Crossflow Ultrafiltration

“…The optimized responses obtained in this study by the BBD method were Based on Table 6, different methods for the optimization of UF processes such as Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD), central composite design (CCD), central composite rotatable design (CCRD), and the Taguchi method have been applied in many previous works. The optimized responses obtained in this study by the BBD method were close to some other reactions reported in the literature determined by using BBD or CCD methods [61,62]. Our results confirm that the BBD model achieved higher response values in terms of COD removal and permeate flux compared to results reported by the literature using other models [63][64][65][66].…”