Optimization methods for large-scale vaccine supply chains: a rapid review

Abstract

Global vaccine revenues are projected at $59.2 billion, yet large-scale vaccine distribution remains challenging for many diseases in countries around the world. Poor management of the vaccine supply chain can lead to a disease outbreak, or at worst, a pandemic. Fortunately, a large number of those challenges, such as decision-making for optimal allocation of resources, vaccination strategy, inventory management, among others, can be improved through optimization approaches. This work aims to understand how optimization has been applied to vaccine supply chain and logistics. To achieve this, we conducted a rapid review and searched for peer-reviewed journal articles, published between 2009 and March 2020, in four scientific databases. The search resulted in 345 articles, of which 25 unique studies met our inclusion criteria. Our analysis focused on the identification of article characteristics such as research objectives, vaccine supply chain stage addressed, the optimization method used, whether outbreak scenarios were considered, among others. Approximately 64% of the studies dealt with vaccination strategy, and the remainder dealt with logistics and inventory management. Only one addressed market competition (4%). There were 14 different types of optimization methods used, but control theory, linear programming, mathematical model and mixed integer programming were the most common (12% each). Uncertainties were considered in the models of 44% of the studies. One resulting observation was the lack of studies using optimization for vaccine inventory management and logistics. The results provide an understanding of how optimization models have been used to address challenges in large-scale vaccine supply chains.

The Challenges of Inventory Management in Medical Supply Chain

“…The primary problems with inventory management are having too much inventory and not being able to sell it, not having enough inventory to fill commitments, and not understanding what you have in inventory and where it is located. Additional difficulties include finding reliable securities (Lopes et al, 2022;Rashid, 2016). A business cannot decide when to refill or which stocks to sell even without reliable goods information.…”

Inventory Management System of Seasonal Raw Materials of Feeds at San Jose Batangas through Integer Linear Programming and VBA

“…It resulted in a reduction of impacts of the diseases, improvement in the allocation of vaccines, prevention of outbreaks, etc. (Lopes et al 2022).…”