Optimization design and simulation of a light broadband multilayer composite absorber

Abstract

Multilayer plate structure is an effective way to design the absorbing coating with excellent performance. Based on the analysis of the electromagnetic (EM) absorbing principle of multilayer structure, this paper selects materials with magnetic loss type and resistance loss type to establish the database of EM parameters. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the design of the multilayer structure. Finally, COMSOL is used for simulation verification. The results show that the multilayer materials prepared by different types of EM loss materials have the characteristics of large absorption bandwidth and strong absorption capacity. When optimizing for different frequency bands and the thickness is limited to 5 mm, the absorption band can be adjusted freely between 5 GHz and 15 GHz by selecting the materials and thickness of each layer, which solves the limitation that a single material only meet the requirements in a specific frequency band. When optimizing for absorption intensity, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) can reach -30.7 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 3.3 GHz (13.1 GHz -16.4 GHz) achieved with only 2.44 mm. This design method provides the possibility to design multilayer composite materials with high absorption and low reflection in a wider frequency band range.