“…cellular radio network, wireless sensor network, and RFID network), such as Evolution Strategies, Genetic Algorithm, and Particle swarm Optimization [5]. In this paper, a novel multi-swarm optimizer, called PS 2 O [6], which extend the single population PSO to interacting multi-swarms model by constructing hierarchical interaction topologies and enhanced dynamical update equations, is proposed for solving the networking problem in RFID systems. By incorporating the new degree of complexity, PS 2 O can accommodate a considerable potential for solving more complex problems.…”