Optimization-based assessment of design limitations to air separation plant agility in demand response scenarios

Cao, Yanan; Swartz, Christopher L.E.; Bâldea, Michael; Blouin, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.jprocont.2015.05.002

Cited by 64 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…10,[12][13][14] An alternative way of modeling distillation columns in ASUs follows the conventional full-order stage-wise model (FOSM) approach. 2,3,7,15 FOSMs usually consist of material and energy balances, tray hydraulics, thermodynamic correlations, pressure drop profiles, and other physical properties. FOSMs can either be steady state or dynamic.…”

Section: Literature Review Distillation Column Modeling In Asusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As observed in a previous study, certain operational constraints are active only during transitions and can be revealed only with detailed dynamic models. 6,7 This article focuses on modeling and simulation of the coldbox section of an argon plant, including four distillation columns, a MSHX, two integrated reboiler/condenser systems, a turbine and a pump. The column and heat exchanger (HX) models will be described in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic modeling and collocation‐based model reduction of cryogenic air separation units

et al. 2016

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High purity distillation columns and multi-stream heat exchangers (MSHXs) are critical units in cryogenic air separation plants. This article focuses on modeling approaches for the primary section of a super-staged argon plant. A fullorder stage-wise model for distillation columns in air separation units (ASUs) that considers key process phenomena is presented, followed by a reduced-order model using a collocation approach. The extent of model reduction that can be achieved without losing significant prediction accuracy is demonstrated. A novel moving boundary model is proposed to handle MSHXs with phase change. Simulation results demonstrate the capability of the proposed model for tracking the phase change occurrence along the length of the heat exchanger. Dynamic simulation studies of the integrated plant show that the thermal integration between the feed and product streams captured in the primary heat exchanger is critical to accurately capture the behavior of ASUs.

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Section: Literature Review Distillation Column Modeling In Asusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic modeling and collocation‐based model reduction of cryogenic air separation units

et al. 2016

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“…We dynamically model the production complex based on existing work and first principles. Five submodels are considered: steam generation (STM), steam electrolysis (SOE), air separation (ASU), ammonia synthesis (NH3), and nitric acid production (HNO3) . We extend our steady‐state model to account for relevant process dynamics using dynamic mass and energy balances in units with large inertia: the SOE stacks, the steam boiler, the fixed‐bed reactors, the heat exchangers, the cryogenic distillation column, and the absorption column.…”

Section: Process Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable production of ammonia and nitric acid

2020

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Decarbonization of the power sector offers ammonia industry an opportunity to reduce its CO 2 emissions through sector coupling. Extending from our previous work, we propose a power-based process for ammonia and nitric acid production. The coupling of nitric acid production facilitates highly efficient heat integration between steam electrolysis and the rest of the process. We investigate the economic performance of the production complex through a model-based dynamic optimization approach, considering scenarios with or without incorporation of intermittent wind power as well as deployment of battery storage. In all cases, the wind power integration proves to be economic with a peak-to-base load ratio of up to 2.3. The new process reduces primary energy consumption by more than 13% compared to conventional technologies. However, it is only economically competitive with help of either a low-cost battery storage or a higher carbon price on fossil fuels. The results also confirm the importance of considering process dynamics during process design. K E Y W O R D S dynamic optimization, electrification, Haber-Bosch, process design, sustainability

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“…This work focuses on a process for producing highly pure gaseous nitrogen for an on‐site customer, such as a chemical plant (Figure ). Similar process designs are well investigated in the literature …”

Section: Air Separation Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced dynamic modeling approach for rectification columns based on compartmentalization and artificial neural networks

et al. 2019

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The availability of reduced‐dimensional, accurate dynamic models is crucial for the optimal operation of chemical processes in fast‐changing environments. Herein, we present a reduced modeling approach for rectification columns. The model combines compartmentalization to reduce the number of differential equations with artificial neural networks to express the nonlinear input–output relations within compartments. We apply the model to the optimal control of an air separation unit. We reduce the size of the differential equation system by 90% while limiting the additional error in product purities to below 1 ppm compared to a full‐order stage‐by‐stage model. We demonstrate that the proposed model enables savings in computational times for optimal control problems by ~95% compared to a full order and ~99% to a standard compartment model. The presented model enables a trade‐off between accuracy and computational efficiency, which is superior to what has recently been reported for similar applications using collocation‐based reduction approaches.

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Optimization-based assessment of design limitations to air separation plant agility in demand response scenarios

Cited by 64 publications

References 36 publications

Dynamic modeling and collocation‐based model reduction of cryogenic air separation units

Dynamic modeling and collocation‐based model reduction of cryogenic air separation units

Renewable production of ammonia and nitric acid

Reduced dynamic modeling approach for rectification columns based on compartmentalization and artificial neural networks

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