Optimization aspects of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Mostafa, Ahmed; Edwards, Matthew; Górecki, Tadeusz

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2012.02.064

Cited by 78 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Optimizing the GC oven temperature program is very important because of the influence it has on the GC×GC separation that will be achieved [24]. The first-and second-dimension GC separations were conducted in the same oven in our GC×GC system, so the first-dimension separation was performed at a linearly increasing temperature and the seconddimension separation (which was achieved in a matter of seconds) was effectively almost isothermal.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Gc Oven Temperature Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two GC columns in a GC×GC system have different dimensions and are connected in series, so their carrier gas velocities cannot be selected independently, and a compromise is generally chosen that provides acceptable separation in both dimensions [24,25]. Different carrier gas flow rates give different detector responses to the analyte peaks.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Modulation Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Separation and screening of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in environmental samples using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with micro electron capture detection

et al. 2014

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Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are highly complex technical mixtures with thousands of isomers and numerous homologs. They are classified as priority candidate persistent organic pollutants under the Stockholm Convention for their persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. Analyzing SCCPs is challenging because of the complexity of the mixtures. Chromatograms of SCCPs acquired using onedimensional (1D) gas chromatography (GC) contain a large characteristic "peak" with a broad and unresolved profile. Comprehensive two-dimensional GC (GC×GC) shows excellent potential for separating complex mixtures. In this study, GC×GC coupled with micro electron capture detection (μECD) was used to separate and screen SCCPs. The chromatographic parameters, including the GC column types, oven temperature program, and modulation period, were systematically optimized. The SCCP congeners were separated into groups using a DM-1 column connected to a BPX-50 column. The SCCP congeners in technical mixtures were separated according to the number of chlorine substituents for a given carbon chain length and according to the number of carbon atoms plus chlorine atoms for different carbon chain lengths. A fish tissue sample was analyzed to illustrate the feasibility of the GC×GC-μECD method in analyzing biological samples. Over 1,500 compounds were identified in the fish extract, significantly more than were identified using 1D GC. The detection limits for five selected SCCP congeners were between 1 and 5 pg/L using the GC×GC method, and these were significantly lower than those achieved using 1D GC. This method is a good choice for analysis of SCCPs in environmental samples, exhibiting good separation and good sensitivity.

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Section: Optimization Of the Gc Oven Temperature Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimization Of the Modulation Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation and screening of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in environmental samples using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with micro electron capture detection

et al. 2014

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“…It is difficult to separate the target compound completely and quickly from the complex hydrocarbon matrix using only one column. So we use two-dimensional gas chromatography technology, which has two columns with different polarities, and fast switching technology to separate methylal from other components effectively to detect the content of methylal [11].…”

Section: Gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasoline Handling Automatic Sampling Detection Device Based on Gas Chromatography

Yin

Tian

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…[1][2][3] However, the dispersion of the analyte molecules during their continuous and differential motion along the separation system is one of the main unavoidable separation characteristics, so that the analyte registration should be as representative as possible. Since the presence of an analyte is observed through appearance of a chromatographic/electrophoretic peak, whose height and area are sensitive to concentration, 4 typical responses such as efficiency, resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, analysis time, and symmetry, among others, are completely dependent on accurate measurements made on that peak, during optimization 5,6 and validation 7,8 of a method. Since the allocation (even if automated) of peak boundaries as well as the subsequent peak integration are not necessarily accurate and precise due to the presence of noise, for instance, 9 the errors associated with these procedures may propagate up to the final result of an analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromophoreasy, an Excel-Based Program for Detection and Integration of Peaks from Chromatographic and Electromigration Techniques

Vaz¹,

Neves²,

Marques³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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This paper describes the development, evaluation, features and applications of Chromophoreasy, an alternative Excel-based program for recognition and integration of chromatographic and electrophoretic peaks. The proposed recognition is made according to parameters adjustable by the analyst, such as time range, noise smoothing window size and slope/curvature sensitivity. During integration, retention/migration time, area, height, half-height width, plate numbers, asymmetry factor, US Pharmacopeia tailing factor, resolution and statistical moments are determined. A chromatogram/electropherogram is plotted along with the found baselines. The effect of peak shape (heights and symmetries) and baseline slope over accuracy was evaluated and the precision of recognition/integration was investigated under several simulated conditions, with varied signal-to-noise levels, smoothing modes and smoothing window sizes. Data from liquid and gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and electrochromatography techniques with refractive index, flame ionization, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity (lab-made) and ultraviolet absorbance detections, respectively, were treated, illustrating the broad applicability of the proposed program for standard and sample analysis. Statistically similar results were obtained, when compared with other commercial software, showing it to be a simple, practical and reliable tool for general use in the separation area.

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Optimization aspects of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Cited by 78 publications

References 148 publications

Separation and screening of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in environmental samples using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with micro electron capture detection

Separation and screening of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in environmental samples using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with micro electron capture detection

Gasoline Handling Automatic Sampling Detection Device Based on Gas Chromatography

Chromophoreasy, an Excel-Based Program for Detection and Integration of Peaks from Chromatographic and Electromigration Techniques

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