Optimization and validation of a two-step method for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Croatian house dust samples

Abstract

Microwave-assisted extraction was applied as method for extraction of seven polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners (28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 154, and 183) from house dust samples. Optimization of MAE...

A pretreatment method combined matrix solid-phase dispersion with dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction for polybrominated diphenyl ethers in vegetables through quantitation of gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

“…27 Six common solvents, namely, n -hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), acetone, n -hexane/DCM (1 : 1, v/v), n -hexane/acetone (1 : 1, v/v), and DCM/acetone (1 : 1, v/v), were selected in this study. 12,15,32 The results are shown in Fig. 2c.…”

“…The main sample pretreatment methods for PBDE analysis include solid-phase extraction (SPE), 12,13 ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE), 14 microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), 15 and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), 16 followed by purication using multi-layer solid-phase extraction (SPE), 17 gel chromatography column (GCC), 18 and so on. However, the high cost and time-consuming and multi-stage procedures associated with these techniques underscore the need for developing a new, more readily available, and eco-friendly method.…”

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in dust from different indoor environments in Zagreb, Croatia: Levels and human exposure assessment

“…Dust samples were analyzed using the method described by Jagić et al 11 and previously used by Klinčić et al 13 for household dusts. Briefly, 1 g of dust sample spiked with surrogate standards (BDE‐77 and BDE‐128) was extracted using a microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) with n ‐hexane: acetone (1:1, v/v) at 80°C for 20 min.…”

“…For some areas, including Croatia, data are very scarce. To date, the data reported by our research group [11][12][13] refer to PBDEs in dust from homes, while there are no data for other indoor locations. Additionally, PAHs have mainly been investigated in outdoor environments (air, soil, road dust), and much less in indoor dust, and for Croatia, there are no data on PAHs in indoor dust of any kind.…”

“…Dust samples were analyzed using the method described by Jagić et al 11 and previously used by Klinčić et al 13 for household dusts.…”