Optimization and mechanism of surfactant accelerating leaching test

Ai, Chun-ming; Wu, Aixiang; Wang, Yiming; Hou, Chun-lai

doi:10.1007/s11771-016-0352-0

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Some characterized models have been improved, like the lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) and so on [27][28][29]. To increase permeability, leaching, and optimal metal extraction rate, some reformative methods like agglomeration of oxide copper minerals [30,31]; enhanced aeration [32,33]; dripping irrigation regulation [34,35]; surfactants like polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate, and silver [36][37][38]; and ultrasonic intensification [39] were proposed. Advanced aerial image analysis has been applied to assess particle size segregation in copper heap leaching [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Bioleaching in China: Review and Prospect

et al. 2018

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The commercial application of copper bioleaching, an environmentally-friendly approach for low-grade and secondary mineral resources recycling, has increased worldwide since the 2000s. As the world's second-largest economic entity and the largest developing country, China has the largest demand for metal resources, significantly advancing the theory and industrial technology of copper bioleaching. This paper reviews the exploration and application of copper bioleaching in China. Two typical bioleaching applications and technological processes, bioheap leaching at the Zijinshan Copper Mine and bioheap leaching at the Dexing Copper Mine, are introduced. The considerable research completed by researchers is summarized, especially focusing on the isolation and identification of leaching bacteria, the bioleaching mechanism and interface reactions, multistage percolation behavior, bioleaching system reconstruction, the multiphysics coupled model, and enhanced copper bioleaching from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). Based on this investigation in China, key trends and prospects in copper bioleaching-such as efficiency improvement, environmental protection, and improved technology applications-are proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Bioleaching in China: Review and Prospect

et al. 2018

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“…In general, the relationship between y and x i is unknown; however, it can be approximated by a low-degree polynomial model. RSM focuses on using the experimental design to determine the variables that influence the response of interest [18]. After the experimental design, a response surface can be fitted so as to quantify the relationships between the response and the explanatory variables.…”

Section: Optimization Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Design for an Extruder Head Runner Based on Response Surface Method and Simulated Annealing Algorithm

Zhou

Jiang

et al. 2018

International Journal of Polymer Science

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The head runner of a rubber extruder is important for controlling rubber flow and improving extrudate quality. To clarify the effect of the structure parameters of the head runner of a doubleplex tread extruder on extrudate quality and obtain high-quality rubber extrusions, a finite element model of the down head runner was established. The extrusion process was analyzed through numerical simulations, wherein the Bird-Carreau constitutive equation and Navier slip law were used along with some computational methods, such as quadratic interpolation of velocity and linear interpolation of pressure and viscosity. The Newton iteration algorithm was used for numerical calculations. The mean-square deviation of velocity (SDV) of rubber flow in the outlet cross section was selected as the evaluation objective. A Placket-Burman design was used to select three key factors-angles A and B and outlet width D-from among eight runner structure parameters affecting the velocity variance. By using central composite design (CCD), the quadratic response surface model using the three key factors was established, and the influence law of a combination of the three key factors on SDV was obtained. The response surface model was optimized using the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm, and the optimal key factors of the head runner were obtained. The optimal runner design realizes a more uniform velocity distribution in the outlet cross section. Furthermore, a comparison of the simulated flow velocities of the original and optimal head runners at different inlet flow ratios and temperatures indicates that the optimal head runner flow velocity improves the extrusion quality. Thus, an optimal runner with optimal key factors was manufactured. Test results of the rubber flow state indicated that the flow is regular and that warping disappears. The proposed optimization strategy can be used practically for improving the head runner design, shortening the product development cycle, and reducing the production cost.

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“…Fang et al [23] added surfactants in the bioleaching of arseniccontaining gold concentrates, which improved the arsenic leaching rate. Ai et al [24] employed surfactants during the copper ore leaching process and observed that the inclusion of surfactants not only improved the permeability in column leaching significantly but also enhanced the copper leaching rate by 8.4%. Chen et al [25] used cationic surfactant CTAB to assist in the leaching of manganese from low-grade rhodochrosite and the results showed that surfactant CTAB was beneficial for improving the manganese leaching rate and that the leaching rate could reach 99.07%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of a Rare Earth and Aluminum Leaching Process from Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Surfactant CTAB

Wu,

Feng,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Ammonium sulfate is typically employed as a leaching agent in the in situ leaching of weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore. However, it is associated with challenges such as low efficiency in mass transfer for rare earth (RE) leaching, high usage of the leaching agent, and prolonged leaching duration. To address the issues mentioned above, the surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was compounded with 2% ammonium sulfate to form a leaching agent in this paper. The effects of CTAB concentration, temperature, pH, and leaching agent flow rate on the rare earth (RE) and aluminum (Al) leaching mass transfer process from RE ore were investigated using chromatographic plate theory. The results revealed that CTAB addition improved the RE mass transfer process while moderately inhibiting the Al mass transfer efficiency. Increasing the temperature and pH of the leaching solution led to higher theoretical plate numbers for RE and Al leaching, lowered theoretical plate height (HETP), and enhanced leaching mass transfer efficiency. However, under high temperature and alkaline conditions, the mass transfer efficiency begins to decrease, indicating that high temperature and alkaline conditions are not conducive to the synergistic enhancement of RE and Al leaching by CTAB. Considering that clay minerals have good pH buffering properties, adjusting the pH of the leaching solution during rare earth ore leaching operations was deemed unnecessary. The optimal mass transfer conditions for leaching RE and Al were identified as 2% ammonium sulfate concentration, 0.00103 mol/L CTAB concentration, pH range of 5.2–5.5 for the leaching solution, 0.6 mL/min leaching solution flow rate, and room temperature. The rare earth leaching mass transfer effect could be enhanced during summer operations.

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Optimization and mechanism of surfactant accelerating leaching test

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Copper Bioleaching in China: Review and Prospect

Copper Bioleaching in China: Review and Prospect

Optimal Design for an Extruder Head Runner Based on Response Surface Method and Simulated Annealing Algorithm

Optimization of a Rare Earth and Aluminum Leaching Process from Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Surfactant CTAB

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