Optimization and friction reduction study of a new type of viscoelastic slickwater system

Bai, Hao; Zhou, Fujian; Zhang, Mengchuan; Gao, Xiwei; Xu, Hang; Yao, Erdong; Wang, Jie; Li, Yue

doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117876

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The smaller emulsion droplet is automatically swallowed by the larger emulsion droplet when they coalesce and the interfacial film rupture; this is the Ostwald ripening of the emulsion 61 . In addition, due to the effects of viscoelasticity and inertial forces, vortex flows inside the emulsion droplets are generated when the emulsion droplets flow in complex pores and throats 62,63 . The viscoelastic vortex flow of the emulsion droplets increases the normal stress and tangential stress while displacing the remaining oil, and it improves the oil displacement efficiency.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Crude Oil Emulsion Flow During Chemical F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…61 In addition, due to the effects of viscoelasticity and inertial forces, vortex flows inside the emulsion droplets are generated when the emulsion droplets flow in complex pores and throats. 62,63 The viscoelastic vortex flow of the emulsion droplets increases the normal stress and tangential stress while displacing the remaining oil, and it improves the oil displacement efficiency. When the viscoelasticity of the emulsion is more favorable, the displacement efficiency is greater.…”

Section: The Multiple Flow Patterns Characteristic Of Chemical Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of crude oil emulsification and multiphase flows in chemical flooding

Yazhou

Yin

et al. 2022

Energy Science & Engineering

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Chemical flooding has become an important method to enhance oil recovery in high‐water cut reservoirs. Crude oil emulsification often occurs during chemical flooding, and it plays a very positive role in increasing crude oil production. Crude oil emulsification increases the complexity of fluid flow in the reservoir including multifield coupling characteristics and multiphase flow and multiphase form characteristics. This paper discusses advanced research techniques and the status of multiphase fluid flows in chemical flooding, including the interfacial rheological properties of emulsions, physical simulation of emulsion seepage, and mathematical models and numerical simulations of seepage. Studies on the mechanism of seepage have analyzed the macroscopic and microscopic aspects of seepage during chemical flooding. Prospective directions for future research are indicated including the study of the interfacial rheological characteristics of emulsions, methods for the evaluation of the seepage characteristics of chemical flooding, and mathematical models of multiphase seepage during chemical flooding.

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Section: Characteristics Of Crude Oil Emulsion Flow During Chemical F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Multiple Flow Patterns Characteristic Of Chemical Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of crude oil emulsification and multiphase flows in chemical flooding

Yazhou

Yin

et al. 2022

Energy Science & Engineering

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“…This makes it possible to meet the requirements of continuous inline mixing and simplifies the complex mixing process. 20,21 Wei et al 22 synthesized an integrated friction reducer with high viscosity and high drag reduction using acrylamide, acrylic acid, and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. At a flow rate of 150 L/min, the drag reduction of both low-viscosity and high-viscosity slickwater was greater than 70%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slickwater and cross-linking fluid need to be prepared in advance for each stage, and the alternating pumping process of the two working fluids is complex, resulting in low fracturing efficiency and high cost. , The integrated slickwater can not only make use of the produced water for continuous in-line mixing but can also realize the instant switch between slickwater and cross-linking fluid through adjusting the friction reducer concentration. This makes it possible to meet the requirements of continuous in-line mixing and simplifies the complex mixing process. , Wei et al synthesized an integrated friction reducer with high viscosity and high drag reduction using acrylamide, acrylic acid, and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. At a flow rate of 150 L/min, the drag reduction of both low-viscosity and high-viscosity slickwater was greater than 70%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Shi

Sun

et al. 2022

Energy Fuels

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In view of challenges such as the long dissolution time of powder friction reducers in high-salinity water, poor environmental friendliness of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion friction reducers, and the poor proppant-carrying capacity of conventional slickwater, a novel variable viscosity friction reducer suspension (EACM) with high salt tolerance, low damage, and strong proppant-carrying capacity was prepared by dispersing salt-tolerant polymer powder in alcohol solvents. The solubility, drag reduction ability, viscoelasticity, proppant-carrying capacity, temperature and shear resistance, and gel breaking ability of EACM were investigated. The results showed that the best solvent for the friction reducer suspension was polyethylene glycol 400, in which EACM exhibited a rapid dissolution rate with a thickening rate of 89.5% within 2 min. Due to the synergic effect between fumed silica and polyamide wax as antisedimentation agents, both at a concentration of 2.0 wt %, the EACM could remain stable for 60 days. EACM showed an excellent drag reduction performance at both low and high viscosities in 100 000 mg/L salt brine. Specifically, a drag reduction of up to 72.4% was obtained using 0.21 wt % EACM (4.65 mPa s), and a 60.8% drag reduction was achieved using 1.0 wt % EACM (35.5 mPa s). When the concentration increased from 0.13 to 1.0 wt %, the EACM solution changed from viscous to elastic; the spatial network structure of the solution became more compact, and the proppant-carrying capacity was enhanced. The viscosity of 1.6 wt % EACM solution could be maintained at 55.9 mPa s after shearing at 90 °C for 120 min at a shear rate of 100 s −1 . EACM solution also exhibited the advantages of easy breaking and low residue. This paper provides guidance for the design and selection of a novel friction reducer suspension in the oil and gas industry.

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“…The common polymer thickeners are divided into emulsions and powders on the basis of morphology [ 16 ]. Powder thickeners are the most effective and they are easy to store and suitable for long-distance transportation, but the swelling and dissolving time of powders is long and central polymer-preparation equipment is generally required, which brings certain difficulties for onsite operation [ 17 ]. Therefore, emulsion products are extensively used in thickener preparation, including water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions and water-in-water (W/W) emulsions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Studies on Thickeners as Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids: Suspension versus Powder

Shi

Sun²,

Lv³

et al. 2022

Gels

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To overcome the problems of long dissolution time and high investment in surface facilities of powder thickeners in hydraulic fracturing, a novel suspension of a thickener as a fracturing fluid was prepared using powder polyacrylamide, nano-silica, and polyethylene glycol by high-speed mixing. The suspension and powder were compared in terms of properties of solubility, rheological behavior, sand carrying, drag reduction, and gel breaking. The results showed that the suspension could be quickly diluted in brine within 5 min, whereas the dissolution time of powder was 120 min. The suspension exhibited better performance in salt resistance, temperature resistance, shear resistance, viscoelasticity, sand carrying, and drag reduction than powder. The powder solution was broken more easily and had a lower viscosity than suspension diluent. These improvements in properties of the suspension were due to the dispersion of nano-silica in the polymer matrix; the mobility of thickener chains was inhibited by the steric hindrance of the nano-silica. Nano-silica particles acted as crosslinkers by attaching thickener chains, which strengthened the network structure of the thickener solution. The presence of hydrogen bonds between the thickener matrix and the nano-silica restricted the local movement of thickener chains, leading to a stronger spatial network. Therefore, this novel suspension showed good potential for fracturing applications.

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Optimization and friction reduction study of a new type of viscoelastic slickwater system

Cited by 19 publications

References 42 publications

A review of crude oil emulsification and multiphase flows in chemical flooding

A review of crude oil emulsification and multiphase flows in chemical flooding

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of a Variable Viscosity Friction Reducer Suspension with High Salt Tolerance and Low Damage

Comparative Studies on Thickeners as Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids: Suspension versus Powder

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