Optimization and application of ultrasound-assisted sugar based deep eutectic solvent dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination and extraction of aflatoxin M1 in milk samples

The effect of ultrasound process on lactic acid bacteria, physicochemical and sensory properties of yoghurt, before and after inoculation of starter cultures into milk

“…Gürsoy et al. (2022) reported that there was no difference between the ultrasound‐treated yoghurt samples and the control group in their colorimetry measurements. However, since ultrasound application has an effect on fat homogenisation, protein denaturation and viscosity of yoghurt, it is likely to have an effect less or much on the colour values as well.…”

Recent Insights into Sample Pretreatment Methods for Mycotoxins in Different Food Matrices: A Critical Review on Novel Materials

“…This operation makes the size of the generated droplets uncontrollable, resulting in insufficient surface contact between the extraction solvent and the water phase. In order to maximize the extraction efficiency, several methods of dispersing solvents by kinetic energy have been reported in recent years, such as air-assisted DLLME (AA-DLLME) [ 27 ], ultrasonic-assisted DLLME (UA-DLLME) [ 75 ], and vortex-assisted DLLME (VA-DLLME) [ 28 ]. Karami-Osboo [ 27 ] established an AA-DLLME method to purify and enrich AFB1, B2, G1, and G2 from rice samples.…”

“…Another improved strategy to increase the extraction efficiency of DLLME and realize greener analysis is the use of low toxicity or nontoxic extraction solvents, such as ILs [ 48 ], DESs [ 75 ], and low-density solvent (LDS) [ 28 ]. Somsubsin et al [ 28 ] developed a VA-DLLME using nontoxic LDS as extraction solvent to pretreat AFB1, B2, G1 and G2 in rice samples.…”

Cavitation-Effect-Based Treatments and Extractions for Superior Fruit and Milk Valorisation

“…Different eutectic solvents were prepared by mixing and heating choline chloride or betaine chloride with xylose, fructose, sucrose or maltose to obtain a homogeneous and viscous liquid. The extraction procedure consisted of three steps: (i) pyrogallol and sugar-based eutectic solutions were added to the sample solution at pH 3.8; (ii) ultrasonication of the mixture was performed for 8 min to mix the solvent with the sample and extract the analytes; and (iii) centrifugation was conducted to achieve separation from the mixture [ 58 ]. Such deeply hydrophobic eutectic solvents have been developed for the analysis of other analytes, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by chromatography after ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, using guanidinium chloride and thymol to obtain the solvents [ 59 ].…”