“…However, this method has some limitations: the accuracy of large-scale sex identification data using this method under field conditions is only 97.41% and affects the performance of the poultry in the later stages. Early sex identification of juvenile waterfowl has been achieved using PCR technology, with an accuracy of 100% ( Changtor et al, 2022 ). Molecular sequencing results showed that the CHD1-Z sequence length was 436 bp.…”