Optimism, Worry, and Colorectal Cancer Screening among Low-income Latinos

Efuni, Elizaveta; Schofield, Elizabeth; DuHamel, Katherine N.; Villagra, Cristina; Cohen, Noah; Reid, Felicia; Jandorf, Lina

doi:10.14485/hbpr.5.2.3

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Imputation was used for 14 cases for which data regarding income were missing. 14,19,21,27,[29][30][31][32] SC (the primary outcome) was obtained from medical chart review. The questions regarding risk (eg, "Compared to the average [man/woman] your age, would you say you are…?"…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 Psychosocial measures included fear of colonoscopy (eg, "How fearful are you of…the procedure being painful", which was rated from 1 ["Not at all fearful"] to 5 ["Extremely fearful"]), fatalism (eg, " I believe that if someone gets colorectal cancer, his/her time to die is near", which was rated as "Yes" or "No"), worry (eg, "I am afraid of having an abnormal colonoscopy result", which was rated from 1 ["Strongly disagree"] to 4 ["Strongly agree"]), perceived preventability and curability (eg, "Colorectal cancer can be prevented", which was rated from 1 ["Strongly disagree"] to 5 ["Strongly agree"]), perceived risk; pros and cons (eg, "A colonoscopy can find growths that are not yet cancer but could become cancer", which was rated from 1 ["Strongly disagree"] to 5 ["Strongly agree"]); and optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R or the Spanish LOT-R). 14,19,21,27,[29][30][31][32] SC (the primary outcome) was obtained from medical chart review.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Interaction effects with significant covariates were tested via an overall test with the 3-level print group variable. Optimism (LOT-R), which has been reported elsewhere as being associated with outcomes, also was included in the current study as a potential confounder for adjustment.…”

Section: Data and Power Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14][15][16][17][18] The HBM proposed that behavior for disease prevention or screening test for early detection depends on the: "1) desire to avoid illness…and 2) the belief that a specific health action will prevent (or ameliorate) illness…." 21 Acculturation (ie, the process by which individuals adopt another culture's attitudes, values, customs, beliefs, and/or behaviors) is a sociocultural variable that was expected to moderate the impact of the intervention. Although perceived risk usually is calculated as perceived susceptibility plus perceived seriousness in the HBM, in the current study, items measuring perceived risk were taken from the Health Information National Trends Survey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Data were limited as to whether optimism relates to SC, and therefore it was included herein as an exploratory variable and potential confounder; however, our prior analyses for the current study found optimism to be associated with lower SC. 21 Acculturation (ie, the process by which individuals adopt another culture's attitudes, values, customs, beliefs, and/or behaviors) is a sociocultural variable that was expected to moderate the impact of the intervention. 22 For Latino women, greater acculturation was associated with undergoing a clinical breast examination after program completion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Promoting colonoscopy screening among low‐income Latinos at average risk of colorectal cancer: A randomized clinical trial

DuHamel

Schofield

Villagra

et al. 2019

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Screening colonoscopy (SC) for colorectal cancer (CRC) is underused by Latino individuals. The current randomized clinical trial examined the impact of 3 interventions: 1) patient navigation; 2) patient navigation plus standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention print materials; and 3) patient navigation plus culturally targeted print materials for Latinos referred for SC. Demographic, personal and health history, and psychometric factors associated with SC also were examined. METHODS: A total of 344 urban Latino individuals aged 50 to 85 years with no personal and/or immediate family history of CRC diagnosed before age 60 years, no personal history of a gastrointestinal disorder, no colonoscopy within the past 5 years, with insurance coverage, and with a referral for SC were consented. Participants were randomized to patient navigation (20%), patient navigation plus standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention print materials (40%), and patient navigation plus culturally targeted print materials (40%). The completion of SC was assessed at 12 months. RESULTS: The interventions had an overall SC rate of 82%. Counterintuitively, patients with an average income of <$10,000 were found to have higher SC rates (87%) than those with a greater income (75%). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of standard or culturally targeted print materials did not appear to increase SC rates above those for patient navigation. Indeed, after controlling for other variables, culturally targeted print materials were found to be associated with lower SC rates among Puerto Rican individuals. Cancer 2020;126:782-791.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data and Power Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Promoting colonoscopy screening among low‐income Latinos at average risk of colorectal cancer: A randomized clinical trial

DuHamel

Schofield

Villagra

et al. 2019

Cancer

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Psychological distress and bowel cancer screening participation

et al. 2022

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Objective To better understand barriers to participation in mail‐out bowel cancer screening programs, two survey studies tested the relationship between psychological distress and self‐reported bowel cancer screening. Methods First, a nationally representative sample of Australians N = 5421 completed measures of bowel cancer screening and psychological distress (using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale; K10). Second, N = 479 completed a survey measuring participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) and psychological distress using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. In both studies, logistic regressions were conducted to test relationships between psychological distress and self‐reported screening participation. Results Study one found that psychological distress had a significant quadratic effect on having ever screened for bowel cancer, where screening rates were similar for those with low, moderate, or high levels of distress, but were lower for those with very high levels of distress. In study two, depression scores had a negative linear relationship with NBCSP participation (higher depression levels were associated with lower screening participation), and anxiety had a quadratic effect whereby NBCSP participation rates were higher with increasing levels of anxiety except in the severe category, where participation was significantly lower. Conclusions Findings indicate that psychological distress has a complex relationship with screening, and those with extreme levels of distress consistently show lower participation rates. Special efforts to encourage screening may be required for those experiencing extreme psychological distress and mental health disorders.

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Processes of Change for Colonoscopy: Limited Support for Use Among Navigated Latinos

Cotter

DuHamel

Schofield

et al. 2018

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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This study assessed the role of the Processes of Change (POC), a construct of the Transtheoretical Model, in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among Latinos. Latinos participate in CRC screening less often and are diagnosed with CRC at a later stage than whites. POC items were administered to 344 English-and Spanish-speaking Latinos at average risk for CRC who had not had a colonoscopy in the past five years and received a colonoscopy referral. POC were measured at three timepoints: following informed consent (T1) at time of referral; 2 weeks prior to scheduled colonoscopy (T2); and 1 month after scheduled colonoscopy (T3). Participants received patient navigation as part of a randomized controlled trial to promote screening colonoscopy. POC scores were examined for changes during the course of the intervention, and logistic regression models assessed the relationship between POC scores and CRC screening adherence. Total POC scores decreased between T1 and T2 (p = 0.03), but were unchanged between T1 and T3. CRC screening adherence was not significantly associated with POC scores or change in POC scores over time. The POC instrument was not found useful for predicting colonoscopy adherence among Latinos in conjunction with patient navigation. Total POC scores did not increase during a patient navigation intervention despite high colonoscopy completion rates.

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Optimism, Worry, and Colorectal Cancer Screening among Low-income Latinos

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Promoting colonoscopy screening among low‐income Latinos at average risk of colorectal cancer: A randomized clinical trial

Promoting colonoscopy screening among low‐income Latinos at average risk of colorectal cancer: A randomized clinical trial

Psychological distress and bowel cancer screening participation

Processes of Change for Colonoscopy: Limited Support for Use Among Navigated Latinos

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