Optimising environmental risk assessments

Devos, Yann; Romeis, Jörg; Luttik, Robert; Maggiore, Angelo; Perry, J. N.; Schoonjans, Reinhilde; Streissl, Franz; Tarazona, José V.; Brock, T.C.M.

doi:10.15252/embr.201540874

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…The analysis of the environmental risk of the use of regulated products on the ecosystem services, i.e. crop protection, is a matter that is considered seriously by regulating bodies and advanced knowledge and methodologies are required (Devos et al 2015). Additional field studies are needed to evaluate the incorporation of the neonicotinoids in the IPM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of synthetic insecticides on the larvae of Coccinella septempunctata from Greek populations

et al. 2017

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Coccinella septempunctata L. is one of the most abundant ladybird species in Greece, preying on several aphid species and other arthropods, of which many are pests of cultivated plants. These pests are usually controlled with chemical insecticides. During this process, however, beneficials are also exposed to pesticides. The development of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs against aphids requires the evaluation of the effects of insecticides on beneficial insects. We evaluated the LD 50 of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, bifenthrin and deltamethrin on first, second, third and fourth instar larvae of C. septempunctata by topical application. Moreover, we studied their sublethal effects (LD 10 ) on the development, weight and prey consumption of fourth instar larvae. The topical application bioassays showed that deltamethrin and bifenthrin were highly toxic to all larval instars, whereas imidacloprid and acetamiprid were less toxic to fourth instar larvae. The LD 10 dose significantly affected, developmental time, adult weight and daily predation. These results show the importance of assessing potential effect of insecticides on C. septempunctata for developing effective IPM programs of aphids in Greece.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of synthetic insecticides on the larvae of Coccinella septempunctata from Greek populations

et al. 2017

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“…[131][132][133][134][135] Operational protection goals have to delineate the environmental components that need to be protected, where and over what time period, and the maximum impact that can be tolerated. Yet, reaching agreement on what to protect presents challenges, [121,131,132] Therefore, risk managers have not yet clearly defined ''how many weeds'' or ''what type of weeds'' are desired in arable fields and at the landscape level to provide ecological services, [122] and ''which environmental changes are harmful''.…”

Section: Specifying Operational Protection Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If what constitutes environmental harm is not defined at the beginning of the environmental risk assessment, then one cannot discover harmful effects by scientific research. [132][133][134][135][136][141][142][143] Broadening the scope of environmental risk assessments…”

Section: Specifying Operational Protection Goalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated weed management systems with herbicide-tolerant crops in the European Union: lessons learnt from home and abroad

Lamichhane

Devos

Beckie

et al. 2016

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

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Conventionally bred (CHT) and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops have changed weed management practices and made an important contribution to the global production of some commodity crops. However, a concern is that farm management practices associated with the cultivation of herbicide-tolerant (HT) crops further deplete farmland biodiversity and accelerate the evolution of herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds. Diversification in crop systems and weed management practices can enhance farmland biodiversity, and reduce the risk of weeds evolving herbicide resistance. Therefore, HT crops are most effective and sustainable as a component of an integrated weed management (IWM) system. IWM advocates the use of multiple effective strategies or tactics to manage weed populations in a manner that is economically and environmentally sound. In practice, however, the potential benefits of IWM with HT crops are seldom realized because a wide range of technical and socio-economic factors hamper the transition to IWM. Here, we discuss the major factors that limit the integration of HT crops and their associated farm management practices in IWM systems. Based on the experience gained in countries where CHT or GMHT crops are widely grown and the increased familiarity with their management, we propose five actions to facilitate the integration of HT crops in IWM systems within the European Union.ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…In the agricultural context, there are examples where adopting an ecosystem services approach to ERA has proven useful in the definition of the elements of the environment that require protection. The use of the ecosystem services concept helped to translate broadly defined general protection goals named in regulations into more precisely defined SPGs for ERA (Gray, 2012;Nienstedt et al, 2012;Sanvido et al, 2012;Garcia-Alonso and Raybould, 2014;Devos et al, 2014Devos et al, , 2015Gilioli et al, 2014). EFSA Panels have used the ecosystem services approach for the ERA of pesticides, GMOs and invasive alien species (EFSA GMO Panel 2010a; EFSA PPR Panel 2010EFSA PLH Panel 2011.…”

Section: Relationship Between Biodiversity and Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidance to develop specific protection goals options for environmental risk assessment at EFSA, in relation to biodiversity and ecosystem services

Ockleford¹

2016

EFS2

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Maintaining a healthy environment and conserving biodiversity are major goals of environmental protection. A challenge is that protection goals outlined in legislation are often too general and broad to be directly applicable for environmental risk assessment (ERA) performed by EFSA. Therefore, they need to be translated into specific protection goals (SPGs). This Guidance presents a framework, which accounts for biodiversity and ecosystem services, to make general protection goals operational for use in all areas of EFSA's ERAs. The approach to follow has three sequential steps: (1) the identification of relevant ecosystem services; (2) the identification of service providing units (SPUs) for these ecosystem services; and (3) the specification of options for the level/parameters of protection of the SPUs using five interrelated dimensions. This last step involves the specification of options for the ecological entity and attribute to protect and the magnitude, temporal scale and spatial scale of the biologically relevant and, in the case of regulated products, tolerable effects, the latter defined in dialogue with risk managers. In order to promote transparency and consistency when developing options for the level/parameters of protection, this guidance provides considerations to justify the selected options.

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Optimising environmental risk assessments

Abstract: Environmental risk assessments cannot cover all conceivable risks. It is therefore necessary to translate broader policies such as sustainable development into specific protection goals with the overall aim of protecting biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem services.

Cited by 54 publications

References 8 publications

Effect of synthetic insecticides on the larvae of Coccinella septempunctata from Greek populations

Effect of synthetic insecticides on the larvae of Coccinella septempunctata from Greek populations

Integrated weed management systems with herbicide-tolerant crops in the European Union: lessons learnt from home and abroad

Guidance to develop specific protection goals options for environmental risk assessment at EFSA, in relation to biodiversity and ecosystem services

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