Optimisation of viscosity and density of refined palm Oil-Melaleuca Cajuputi oil binary blends using mixture design method

Mat, Sharzali Che; Idroas, Mohamad Yusof; Teoh, Yew Heng; Hamid, M. F.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2018.10.017

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…From Table 5, the R² for dynamic viscosity and calorific value were 0.5199 and 0.7548, respectively. High R² values indicated a good relationship between the developed models and the experimental data [20]. The difference between adjusted R² and predicted R² should be within 0.20 to ensure the accuracy of the data.…”

Section: Analysis Of Variance (Anova) Of Blending Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…On the other hand, the prob > F or p-value obtained from the ANOVA of algae-diesel with cerium oxide blend for the dynamic viscosity was < 0.0435, while the calorific value had p-value lower than 0.0051. Since both models had values of prob > F less than 0.0500, thus the data obtained for algae-diesel with cerium oxide were significant [20].…”

Section: Analysis Of Variance (Anova) Of Blending Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The Design of Expert (DOE) software was applied for this research to obtain the optimum algae diesel blends with cerium additive. Generally, this software offers valuable resources to optimise the experiment based on method, mixture or combination of factors and components, besides visualising the results and graph analysis [20].…”

Section: Formulation Of Algae-diesel Fuel With Cerium Oxide Using Des...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on the Physicochemical Properties of Blended Algae-Diesel Fuel with Nanoparticles Additive Using Mixture Design Method

Sharudin,

Ismail,

Che Mat

et al. 2023

EAJ

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Biodiesel from algae sources is one of the most promising alternative fuels to substitute fossil fuels in the future as it has relatively high oil content, besides rapid biomass production. However, in terms of exhaust emissions, the nitrogen (NOx) emission stemming from algae-diesel blends is higher due to the presence of oxygen content. As a solution, one of the approaches is by using the addition of fuel additives, such as nanoparticles as it plays a major role in increasing biodiesel performance and improving the properties of the biodiesel blends. Therefore, this study directly focuses on improving algae-diesel blends by adding cerium oxide as the fuel additive. The main phases involved in this research are the extraction of algae oil, blending process of algae-diesel with cerium oxide and data collection of dynamic viscosity with calorific value. Then, the data collected were used as an input for Design of Expert (DOE) software to obtain the optimum blends for algae-diesel blends with cerium oxide addition. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate the properties of the blends and provides equations for the model, wherein the equations involved in this research were dynamic viscosity and calorific value. The equations generated through the software were used to obtain the theoretical value of dynamic viscosity and calorific value. Finally, the theoretical value was further validated by comparing it with the experimental data for each of the blends. The results of experimental and theoretical (predicted) for each blend model showed the percentage errors between the experimental and the calculated values was between 0.19% and 9.51%. Hence, numerically derived equations are considered valid and reliable. In conclusion, the results showed that the optimum blend obtained by the software was significant and complied with the biodiesel standard of EN14213.

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Section: Analysis Of Variance (Anova) Of Blending Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Analysis Of Variance (Anova) Of Blending Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Formulation Of Algae-diesel Fuel With Cerium Oxide Using Des...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on the Physicochemical Properties of Blended Algae-Diesel Fuel with Nanoparticles Additive Using Mixture Design Method

Sharudin,

Ismail,

Che Mat

et al. 2023

EAJ

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“…Table 5 presents a subdivision of the MDs' possible applications that can be used within the area, and these subdivisions were classified as applications related to the area: animal, bioenergy, biology, and materials. [29,30,[187][188][189][190][191] According to Table 5, MD research in bioenergy aims to optimize biodiesel synthesis from a blend of five different oils [181]; investigate the effects of cellulose, xylan, and lignin constituents on biomass pyrolysis characteristics and bio-oil composition [177]; production of biomethane using municipal sludge wastes, grease trap waste, and meat processing waste [179]; investigate the ability of the oleaginous yeast Debaryomyces etchellsii strain for lipid production for biodiesel manufacture using different agro-industrial wastewaters (cheese whey, expired soft drinks and fresh olive mill) as substrates [175]; investigate the effect of light wavelength on Dunaliella salina to increase microalgae lipid productivity for biodiesel production [176]; optimization of viscosity and density of refined palm oil-Melaleuca Cajuputi oil binary blends for a novel biofuel [180]; formulation of a vermicomposting in organic matters with dairy manure vermicompost, straw, and peat using MDs in cucumber seedling experiment to evaluate the compressed substrates [183]; optimization of concentrations of the solvents ethanol, acetone and water in the extraction of total phenolics present in cashew apple bagasse [178] and optimization of a method for the determination of metals from palm oil by flame atomic absorption spectrometry [182].…”

Section: Application Of Mixture Design In Other Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Applications of Mixture Designs in Beverages, Foods, and Pharmaceutical Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Galvan

Effting

Cremasco

et al. 2021

Foods

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Design of Experiments (DoE) is a statistical tool used to plan and optimize experiments and is seen as a quality technology to achieve products excellence. Among the experimental designs (EDs), the mixture designs (MDs) stand out, being widely applied to improve conditions for processing, developing, or formulating novel products. This review aims to provide useful updated information on the capacity and diversity of MDs applications for the industry and scientific community in the areas of food, beverage, and pharmaceutical health. Recent works were selected following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA) flow diagram. Data analysis was performed by self-organizing map (SOM) to check and understand which fields of application/countries/continents are using MDs. Overall, the SOM indicated that Brazil presented the largest number of works using MDs. Among the continents, America and Asia showed a predominance in applications with the same amount of work. Comparing the MDs application areas, the analysis indicated that works are prevalent in food and beverage science in the American continent, while in Asia, health science prevails. MDs were more used to develop functional/nutraceutical products and the formulation of drugs for several diseases. However, we briefly describe some promising research fields in that MDs can still be employed.

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“…As previously discussed, the viscosity has a significant impact on the capillary and should thus affect the pore intrusion of the PBM into the membrane pores. The dynamic viscosity describes the internal resistance of fluids and gases to flow and shear conditions, depending on temperature and pressure [22]. The higher the viscosity, the higher the friction forces between the lattice molecules of individual molecular layers.…”

Section: Rheological Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity Modification of Polymerizable Bicontinuous Microemulsion by Controlled Radical Polymerization for Membrane Coating Applications

et al. 2020

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Membrane modification is becoming ever more relevant for mitigating fouling phenomena within wastewater treatment applications. Past research included a novel low-fouling coating using polymerizable bicontinuous microemulsion (PBM) induced by UV-LED polymerization. This additional cover layer deteriorated the filtration capacity significantly, potentially due to the observed high pore intrusion of the liquid PBM prior to the casting process. Therefore, this work addressed an innovative experimental protocol for controlling the viscosity of polymerizable bicontinuous microemulsions (PBM) before casting on commercial ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. Prior to the coating procedure, the PBM viscosity modulation was carried out by controlled radical polymerization (CRP). The regulation was conducted by introducing the radical inhibitor 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl after a certain time (CRP time). The ensuing controlled radical polymerized PBM (CRP-PBM) showed a higher viscosity than the original unpolymerized PBM, as confirmed by rheological measurements. Nevertheless, the resulting CRP-PBM-cast membranes had a lower permeability in water filtration experiments despite a higher viscosity and potentially lower pore intrusion. This result is due to different polymeric structures of the differently polymerized PBM, as confirmed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigations. The findings can be useful for future developments in the membrane science field for production of specific membrane-coating layers for diverse applications.

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Optimisation of viscosity and density of refined palm Oil-Melaleuca Cajuputi oil binary blends using mixture design method

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Investigation on the Physicochemical Properties of Blended Algae-Diesel Fuel with Nanoparticles Additive Using Mixture Design Method

Investigation on the Physicochemical Properties of Blended Algae-Diesel Fuel with Nanoparticles Additive Using Mixture Design Method

Recent Applications of Mixture Designs in Beverages, Foods, and Pharmaceutical Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Viscosity Modification of Polymerizable Bicontinuous Microemulsion by Controlled Radical Polymerization for Membrane Coating Applications

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