Optimisation of tool path for wood machining on CNC machines

Abstract

Peripheral pocket or contour milling in wood machining, using flat end milling tool, can be performed with different tool paths. Technology designers of multi axis CNC wood machining use their experience and intuition to choose some of the options offered by CAM systems that determine the final shape of tool path, thus the generated tool path largely depend on individual judgment. Minimum cutting force, maximum dynamic stability of the process and minimum tool wear are achieved, or some other technological requirements are met, by using optimal tool path. Tool path optimisation is based on analysis of possible tool paths and determination of cutting parameters which are dependable of chosen tool path and are affecting the main wood processing factors. Axial and radial depth of cut, engagement angle, feed and feed rate profile are identified as key parameters dependable of tool path, and their values and variations along the tool path influence the cutting speed, tool wear and cutting force. Knowledge of values and changes of those key machining parameters along the tool path is necessary for simulation and monitoring of the main cutting factors during the wood machining process. NC code transformation methodology and generation of tool path parameters necessary for calculating all elements needed for tool movement simulation from given NC programs are shown. Blank and tool mathematical description are used with tool movement information for simulation of wood machining process. Simulation of cutting parameters and their variation along the tool path, presented in this paper, can be used as bases for development of methodology for choosing the most adequate tool path for wood machining of given contour considering minimum cutting force and cutting force variation, minimum tool wear, maximum productivity or some other criteria.

Experimental investigation on Iroko wood used in shipbuilding

“…Quality control of the glue revealed a certain amount of pores, but a constant thickness (mean value 0.5 mm) and a good penetration inside the wood grains (Figure 7(c) to (e)) The volume of the glue measured by CT analysis is 1600 mm 3 . The effective volume of the glue, measured by CT analysis, is different with respect to the designed one, which can be evaluated by the glue dimensions shown in Figure 2 and is equal to about 2281 mm 3 . The difference between the measured and designed volumes of the glue does not affect the mechanical strength.…”

“…Nowadays, there is a growing interest on wood products with the increasing progress of the quality and precision in woodworking machines. [1][2][3][4] In the past, wood was the main construction material for shipbuilding. Certainly, wooden ships are the oldest types of ship.…”

Laminant Kompozitin Cep Frezelenmesinde Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü Ve Boyutsal Tamlığın Değerlendirilmesi

“…Petrovic vd. tarafından yapılan çalışmada sunulan kesme parametrelerinin simülasyonu ve bunların takım yolu boyunca değişimi, ahşap işlemede verilen kontur için minimum kesme kuvveti ve kesme kuvvetinin değişimi, minimum takım aşınması dikkate alınarak en uygun takım yolunu seçme yöntemin geliştirilmesi için temeller olarak kullanılabilir [18]. Yonga levhaların elmas uçlu, yeni bilenmiş parmak freze çakılarıyla frezelemesi sırasında talaş çıkartma sisteminin verimliliği Pałubicki ve Rogoziński tarafından yapılan çalışmada sunulmuştur.…”

Obtaining Various Shapes of Machined Surface Using a Tool with a Multi-Insert Cutting Edge

“…However, efficient approaches are needed to reduce the manufacturing time of profile form tools and their costs, to meet the current industrial requirements for low-carbon, energy-saving production. Mikolajczyk [36] applied a computer-assisted system for the rapid production of form-edge cutting tools, using carbide tool materials. In this system, an electro-discharge machining (EDM) process was used for cutting edge shaping.…”

“…A strong disadvantage of the commonly used forming tools mentioned above is the fixed shape of their cutting edges that limits their use to a single surface. Furthermore, in some areas, e.g., in the furniture industry, there are demands for efficient manufacturing methods, to produce complex profiles with different patterns [36,37]. The application of profiled rotary tools with current solutions means that, in the majority of cases, large numbers of tools are necessary to manufacture a wide variety of patterns [38].…”