Abstract:High-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray coating plays a major role in many surface treatment methods, which tend to improve erosion and corrosion resistance properties. HVOF is well known for its dense and high-quality coating ability. This is due to the less in-flight exposure time, which tends to have less oxide content because of its high-velocity properties. Among the number of process parameters, porosity and hardness are predominant factors while considering wear rate and corrosion behaviour analysis. The cu… Show more
“…Percentage) and maximum hardness (1325.26 HVx) [53]. Furthermore, a study found that the presence of the lowest porosity causes the Fe-based amorphous coatings to have the highest hardness [50]. These findings show that decreasing porosity leads to an increase in coating hardness.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…Porosity causes inadequate coating cohesion and reduces the ability to endure indentation loads, resulting in a decrease in hardness. Furthermore, porosity in the coating can result in rising corrosion rates and wear [50]- [52]. The porosity of a coating is inversely related to its hardness.…”
Twin wire arc spray (TWAS) is a type of thermal spray coating technology that has been extensively researched to improve the service life and overcome wear, cavitation and corrosion in pump impellers. This study aims to investigate the effect of post-heat treatment on the properties of FeCrBMnSi coatings fabricated by the Twin Wire Arc Spray (TWAS) method on 304 stainless steel substrates with varying stand-off distances. NiAl and FeCrBMnSi were employed as bond coats and top coats in this study. The substrate material was sandblasted before the coating process to achieve a surface roughness of 75-100 µm. The TAFA 9000 Electrical Wire-Arc Spraying machine's voltage (V), current (A), and compressed air pressure (Bar) were set to 28.4; 150; and 5, respectively. The coating operation was performed at 100, 200, and 300 mm stand-off distances. The specimens were then post-heated for 3 hours at 500°C and 700°C in a Thermolyne F6010 Furnace Chamber. The quality of the coating produced in this study was evaluated using thickness, hardness, wear, bond strength, micrography, and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) testing. According to the findings of this study, specimens with a stand-off distance of 100 mm and a post-heat treatment temperature of 700 o C produce the best coating qualities when compared to other specimens. This specimen resulted in a percentage of porosity and unmelted material, thickness, hardness, adhesive strength, and total wear rate of 7.1%, 5.53 x 10 -1 mm, 1460 HV, 24.86 MPa, and 3.8 x10 -4 mm 3 /s, respectively.
“…Percentage) and maximum hardness (1325.26 HVx) [53]. Furthermore, a study found that the presence of the lowest porosity causes the Fe-based amorphous coatings to have the highest hardness [50]. These findings show that decreasing porosity leads to an increase in coating hardness.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 92%
“…Porosity causes inadequate coating cohesion and reduces the ability to endure indentation loads, resulting in a decrease in hardness. Furthermore, porosity in the coating can result in rising corrosion rates and wear [50]- [52]. The porosity of a coating is inversely related to its hardness.…”
Twin wire arc spray (TWAS) is a type of thermal spray coating technology that has been extensively researched to improve the service life and overcome wear, cavitation and corrosion in pump impellers. This study aims to investigate the effect of post-heat treatment on the properties of FeCrBMnSi coatings fabricated by the Twin Wire Arc Spray (TWAS) method on 304 stainless steel substrates with varying stand-off distances. NiAl and FeCrBMnSi were employed as bond coats and top coats in this study. The substrate material was sandblasted before the coating process to achieve a surface roughness of 75-100 µm. The TAFA 9000 Electrical Wire-Arc Spraying machine's voltage (V), current (A), and compressed air pressure (Bar) were set to 28.4; 150; and 5, respectively. The coating operation was performed at 100, 200, and 300 mm stand-off distances. The specimens were then post-heated for 3 hours at 500°C and 700°C in a Thermolyne F6010 Furnace Chamber. The quality of the coating produced in this study was evaluated using thickness, hardness, wear, bond strength, micrography, and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) testing. According to the findings of this study, specimens with a stand-off distance of 100 mm and a post-heat treatment temperature of 700 o C produce the best coating qualities when compared to other specimens. This specimen resulted in a percentage of porosity and unmelted material, thickness, hardness, adhesive strength, and total wear rate of 7.1%, 5.53 x 10 -1 mm, 1460 HV, 24.86 MPa, and 3.8 x10 -4 mm 3 /s, respectively.
“…The determination coefficient (R 2 ) is the measurement to determine the goodness of fit of the model. 60,61 The R 2 value always lies between 0 and 1, and a value higher than 0.75 represents a good fit for model. 62 The R 2 of the model showed a value of 0.9942, which was higher than 0.75, indicating the obtained results were well-matched with model prediction.…”
A binder-free nickel-copper phosphate battery-type electrode was fabricated using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique. The fabrication process was optimized with Design of Experiment (DoE) software and then validated experimentally. The electrode made at 90°C for 12.5 minutes, with a Ni:Cu precursor ratio of 3:1, had the highest specific capacity. The experimental specific capacity of the optimized nickel-copper phosphate (Ni3-Cu-P) binder-free electrode was 96.2% of the theoretical value predicted by the software, which was within 10% error. Moreover, the growth of amorphous Ni3-Cu-P electrode material with irregular microspheres of small size was observed on the surface of nickel foam. These amorphous microspherical shapes of the Ni3-Cu-P electrode material provide more electroactive sites and a larger active surface area for faradaic reaction. In electrochemical energy storage applications, the Ni3-Cu-P electrode outperformed the bare Ni-P and Cu-P electrodes, with the highest areal capacity (0.77 C/cm2), the lowest charge transfer resistance (81.7 Ω), and the highest capacity retention (83.9%) at 2.0 mA/cm2. The study indicates that the Ni3-Cu-P electrode's exceptional electrochemical properties result from the interaction between nickel and copper in the binary metal phosphate framework, making it an excellent choice for battery-type electrodes used in electrochemical energy storage applications.
“…Surface plots and contour plots, which are indicators of potential independence of variables, have been established for the proposed empirical relation by taking into account two variables in the middle level and two variables in the x-and y-axes in order to obtain the affecting nature and optimized condition of the process on the UTS. The prediction of the response (UTS) for any zone of the experimental domain can be assisted by these response contours [34].…”
Section: Optimization By Response Surface Methodology Approachmentioning
By using fusion welding to weld AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel (ASS) and commercial copper, the creation of brittle intermetallic in the weld region that compromises the strength of the joints is the primary challenge. However, friction welding is a suitable method for joining these two materials because no obvious defects are produced at the joints. The joint strength is significantly influenced by the friction-welding-process variables including the pressure of friction, pressure of forging, time of friction, and time of forging. Throughout this study, a central composite factorial design-based empirical relationship-building effort was carried out to determine the tensile strengths of friction-welded AISI 304 austenitic stainless steels (ASS) and commercial copper alloys dissimilar joints from the process variables. The process conditions were optimized employing response surface methods in order to attain the joint’s optimum tensile strength. This research revealed that the greatest tensile strength of the joint created with the friction pressure of 60 MPa, forging pressure of 60 MPa, friction duration of 4 s, and forging time of 4 s, correspondingly, was 489 MPa. As a result, the intermetallic formation at the interface could be identified.
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