Optimal Testing for Thyroid Hormone Concentration after Treatment with Methimazole in Healthy and Hyperthyroid Cats

Rutland, Bronwyn E.; Rf, Nachreiner; Kruger, John M.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0370.x

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Pharmacokinetic studies on cats with hyperthyroidism and normal cats have shown methimazole to have a short half‐life in the plasma (2.3 ± 0.4 hours for cats with hyperthyroidism and 4.7 ± 1.4 hours for normal cats). Moreover, a recent study has shown that there is no relationship between the timing of blood sampling after oral methimazole and the TT4 concentration . Therefore, because methimazole concentrates in the thyroid, plasma methimazole concentrations are unlikely to be correlated with plasma TT4 concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found that TT4 concentrations remained suppressed for 18–20 hours after (Fig ) treatment with transdermal methimazole, indicating that for this treatment, once daily application is sufficient. These results are similar to a recent study of healthy cats treated with once daily oral methimazole that showed significant suppression of thyroid hormone concentrations for 24 hours …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Lipophilic Formulation of Methimazole for the Once Daily Transdermal Treatment of Cats with Hyperthyroidism

Hill

Gieseg

Kingsbury

et al. 2011

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Previous studies on transdermal methimazole have used pluronic lecithin organogel as the vehicle. This might not be the most suitable vehicle for a lipophilic drug, such as methimazole.Hypothesis/Objectives: Once daily transdermal administration of a novel lipophilic formulation of methimazole is as safe and effective as oral carbimazole in treating hyperthyroidism in cats.Animals: Forty-five client-owned cats diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Methods: Prospective study. Cats with newly diagnosed, untreated hyperthyroidism were treated with carbimazole (5 mg PO, q12h) or methimazole (10 mg) applied to the inner pinnae q24h. Cats were examined after 0, 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. Clinical signs, body weight, systolic blood pressure, hematologic, serum biochemical and urine parameters, total serum thyroxine concentrations (TT4), and serum methimazole concentrations were recorded.Results: No significant differences between groups were detected at day 0. Both formulations were effective in treating hyperthyroidism. No significant differences were detected in thyroxine concentrations, body weight, blood pressure, heart rate, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, urea, and urine specific gravity (USG) between groups. The serum methimazole concentrations correlated poorly with TT4-concentrations in both groups.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: In this 12-week trial, once daily application of a novel formulation of transdermal methimazole applied to the pinnae was as effective and safe as twice daily oral carbimazole in the treatment of cats with hyperthyroidism. This novel formulation and transdermal application could have practical advantages to some pet owners.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Lipophilic Formulation of Methimazole for the Once Daily Transdermal Treatment of Cats with Hyperthyroidism

Hill

Gieseg

Kingsbury

et al. 2011

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Even though canine thyroid stimulating hormone has a 96% homology with the hormone in cats, a distinction between normal and undetectable values was not found to be always reliable. Today, the value of thyroid stimulating hormone is limited to the exclusion of the disease when a detectable concentration is measured (Wakeling et al, 2008, Rutland et al, 2009.…”

Section: Feline Thyroid Stimulating Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It begins after two to three weeks and includes measurement of a complete blood count, alkaline phosphatase, alanino-aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen concentration and creatinine concentration, along with total thyroxine blood concentrations (Trepanier, 2007). Timing of blood sampling is not a significant factor for total thyroxine blood concentration measurement (Rutland et al, 2009;Borreti et al, 2013). If side effects are noted, the drug should be discontinued and another therapeutic option should be pursued (Luyre, 2006).…”

Section: Methimazolementioning

confidence: 99%

Feline hyperthyroidism: diagnosis and treatment

Kasabalis

Soubasis

Petanides

2017

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrinopathy in cats older than 8 years, with no sex or breed predisposition. Benign adenomas and adenomatous hyperplasia of the thyroid gland is observed in the majority of cases. Symptoms reflect the effect of thyroid hormone excess in various systems, with weight loss, polyphagia, polyuria-polydipsia, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal abnormalities being common clinical manifestations. On clinical examination, there is frequently prominent thyroid enlargement. Common laboratory abnormal findings include increased activity of alkaline phosphatase and alanino-aminotransferase, hyperphosphataemia, azotaemia and decreased concentration of ionized calcium and creatinine. Definite diagnosis of the disease is based on the demonstration of increased blood concentration of thyroid hormones.Measurement of thyroxine concentration, alone or in conjunction with concentration of free thyroxine, is usually sufficient to reach a diagnosis. When diagnosis is uncertain, thyroid stimulating hormone, scintigraphy and dynamic function tests can be used. The possibility of concurrent diseases (e.g., renal failure, diabetes mellitus) must be investigated, as their presence has implications on diagnosis and treatment. Medical therapy, thyroidectomy, radionine therapy and low iodine diet are also valid options for treatment. Each has advantages and disadvantages that a clinician must take into consideration before instigating treatment. Prognosis for hyperthyroidism is favourable if no severe disease exists concurrently.

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“…The bidirectional one-side t test suggests that the bioavailabilities of AH aerosol and injection were identical [7,8].…”

Section: Statistical Analysis Of Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Relative Bioavailability of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Aerosol and Injection

Zhang¹

2015

AJCEM

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Abstract:To compare the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of ambroxol hydrochloride (AH) aerosol and injection, the volunteers were subjected to single-dose crossover inhalation (injection) of 100 mg AH aerosol (injection). The drug concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC. The areas under curve (AUC) of the two formulations were compared by the three-factor analysis of variance and the bi-directional one-side t test. The C max , t max , t1/2β and AUC values of the aerosol group and the injection group were (154.75±26.12) and (157.39±26.09) ng/ml, (1.12±0.34) and (1.29±0.33) h, (6.98±1.62) and (7.75±1.26) h, and (1593.02±290.45) and (1438±132.46) h·ng/ml, respectively. The bioavailabilities of AH aerosol and injection were the same, and the relative bioavailability of the aerosol was (96.52±11.44)%.

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Optimal Testing for Thyroid Hormone Concentration after Treatment with Methimazole in Healthy and Hyperthyroid Cats

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

The Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Lipophilic Formulation of Methimazole for the Once Daily Transdermal Treatment of Cats with Hyperthyroidism

The Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Lipophilic Formulation of Methimazole for the Once Daily Transdermal Treatment of Cats with Hyperthyroidism

Feline hyperthyroidism: diagnosis and treatment

Pharmacokinetics and Relative Bioavailability of Ambroxol Hydrochloride Aerosol and Injection

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