Optimal Resonant Beam Charging for Electronic Vehicles in Internet of Intelligent Vehicles

Abstract

To enable electric vehicles (EVs) to access to the internet of intelligent vehicles (IoIV), charging EVs wirelessly anytime and anywhere becomes an urgent need. The resonant beam charging (RBC) technology can provide high-power and long-range wireless energy for EVs. However, the RBC system is unefficient. To improve the RBC power transmission efficiency, the adaptive resonant beam charging (ARBC) technology was introduced. In this paper, after analyzing the modular model of the ARBC system, we obtain the closed-form formula of the end-to-end power transmission efficiency. Then, we prove that the optimal power transmission efficiency uniquely exists. Moreover, we analyze the relationships among the optimal power transmission efficiency, the source power, the output power, and the beam transmission efficiency, which provide the guidelines for the optimal ARBC system design and implementation. Hence, perpetual energy can be supplied to EVs in IoIV virtually.Index Terms-Internet of Things, Internet of Intelligent Vehicles, Resonant Beam Charging.

Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in resonant beam charging

“…Another compelling technology is distributed laser charging (DLC), known also as resonant beam charging (RBC), has recently been proposed and studied 11,12 . It is shown that RBC is capable of transmitting a wireless power of approximately 2W over a distance up to 10 m 13 .…”

“…The end‐to‐end transmission efficiency of both conventional and adaptive RBC systems were studied in previous works 2,11,12,14–16 . Also, scheduling algorithm for multi‐user RBC system was presented in Fang et al 11,17 and Liu et al 18 Multiple access techniques for WPT applying quality of charging service (QoCS) and charging pricing strategy (CPS) for WPT system was studied in Liu et al, 18 Fang et al, 19 and Xiong et al 20 Furthermore and to overcome the echo interference affecting RBC‐SWIPT, optical filtering and frequency shifting methods were proposed in Xiong et al 21,22 …”

“…10 Another compelling technology is distributed laser charging (DLC), known also as resonant beam charging (RBC), has recently been proposed and studied. 11,12 It is shown that RBC is capable of transmitting a wireless power of approximately 2W over a distance up to 10 m. 13 Furthermore, RBC promises several advantages over WPT technologies including self-aligning, safe charging, multiple-receiver charging, high power, compact size, free electromagnetic interference, and allows for simultaneous light-wave information and power transfer (SLIPT), which is also referred to as, which is the terminology that will be used henceforward in this manuscript, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), which makes it suitable for mobile applications. 1 The end-to-end transmission efficiency of both conventional and adaptive RBC systems were studied in previous works.…”

“…1 The end-to-end transmission efficiency of both conventional and adaptive RBC systems were studied in previous works. 2,11,12,[14][15][16] Also, scheduling algorithm for multi-user RBC system was presented in Fang et al 11,17 and Liu et al 18 Multiple access techniques for WPT applying quality of charging service (QoCS) and charging pricing strategy (CPS) for WPT system was studied in Liu et al, 18 Fang et al, 19 and Xiong et al 20 Furthermore and to overcome the echo interference affecting RBC-SWIPT, optical filtering and frequency shifting methods were proposed in Xiong et al 21,22 Another promising technology for future wireless systems is foreseen in free space optical (FSO) communication, which is suggested as a solution to the highly congested RF spectrum. FSO promises a wide and license-free optical spectrum along with several other advantages, as it realizes in theory a data rate of 100GB/s.…”