Optimal Reservation Volume of Urban Roads Based on Travel Reservation Strategy

Abstract

Improving the spatial-temporal balance between the supply and demand of urban transportation and alleviating traffic congestion are important ways to build sustainable cities. The travel reservation strategy (TRS) is more flexible and refined than traditional traffic demand management methods. This study aims to determine the optimal reservation volume (ORV) for urban roads and verify the effectiveness of the TRS. First, we employed the sustained flow index to estimate the ORV from the degree of trade-off between the road breakdown probability and capacity. Then, a bilevel programming model based on ORV constraints was established to analyse the effectiveness of the TRS. The results indicated that the ORV range is 0.79–0.89 times the road capacity. The TRS can achieve the best steady benefit when the demand for reservation travel reaches at least 40%. Selecting the most congested critical roads in the network to implement TRS is more effective than on a large area. The driver default behavior will increase the V/C ratios and travel costs of all roads in the network. It has been proven that the reservation transportation mode will promote the spatial-temporal balance between supply and demand to alleviate traffic congestion.

Constitutional Amendment 106 Women Reservation - What can be Learned from 1/3rd PRI Reservation?

“…The default behavior of the driver will raise the V/C ratios and travel expenses of all roads in the network. Research has shown that using reservation-based transportation can help balance supply and demand in both space and time, reducing traffic congestion [2]. Vangen 2023 et al the results of subsequent pregnancies following a prior total uterine rupture.…”

“…This progressive step aims to address the longstanding gender disparity in political representation, acknowledging the invaluable role women play in shaping the socio-political landscape of the nation. As we embark on this transformative journey, it is pertinent to reflect on the lessons gleaned from the implementation of one-third reservation for women in Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and explore the implications for the forthcoming constitutional amendment [1], [2]. The Panchayati Raj system, introduced through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992, marked a significant moment in India's democratic evolution by decentralizing power to the grassroots level.…”