Optimal Rain Gauge Network Design and Spatial Precipitation Mapping based on Geostatistical Analysis from Colocated Elevation and Humidity Data

Abstract

Proposal for the design of a hydrometeorological network for the urban area of the municipality of IbaguéThe lack of hydrometeorological measurement systems in some cities of the Andean region of Colombia, where its mountainous system is characterized by a changing topography and a wide biodiversity of ecosystems, has generated a total ignorance of the water potential that exists in these regions, the lack of direct policies that seek to anticipate the generation of natural disasters related to the extreme events associated with times of high rainfall and intense sequences and the lack of monitoring equipment that quantify and value the water resources of a region has controlled that Colombia does not know the behavior of the climate in its regions, especially in urban areas, it is very important when it relates to the planning of the territory and for human development; the city of Ibagué in the department of Tolima, is no exception. At present, the urban area of the city of Ibagué has only three weather measurement stations where the only variable measured is rain, of which two are located inside the urban perimeter of the city and one outside it, The low amount of equipment inside it has helped local and environmental authorities without having accurate information to develop policies aimed at the administration of water resources, as well as the recording and analysis of the maximum events that occur in the urban area of the municipality. With the present work, it is sought to implement a hydrometeorological monitoring system tending to provide basic information in the construction of climate knowledge of the city, in turn, it seeks to contribute directly in the generation of information tending to adapt the city to climate hazards which is currently presented. Another of the main problems of this work is to provide a useful tool that allows the city of Ibagué to be resistant to the damage of climate change that directly threatens its inhabitants and the agricultural development of the region.

Optimal design of hydrometric station networks based on complex network analysis

“…In general, (large) networks of real-world entities with irregular topology are called complex networks. The links represent a similar evolution or variability at different nodes and can be identified from data using a similarity measure such as the Pearson correlation (Ekhtiari et al, 2019), synchronization (Agarwal et al, 2017;Boers et al, 2019;Conticello et al, 2018), or mutual information (Paluš, 2018).…”

“…Event synchronization (ES) has been specifically designed to calculate nonlinear correlations among bivariate time series with events defined on them (Quiroga et al, 2002). This method has advantages over other time-delayed correlation techniques (e.g., Pearson lag correlation), as it allows us to investigate extreme event series (such as non-Gaussian and event-like datasets) and uses a dynamic time delay (Ozturk et al, 2018).…”

An Overview of Surface-Based Precipitation Observations at Environment and Climate Change Canada

“…Observing system design and optimization methods need to consider a hierarchy of approaches relevant for specific program drivers and priorities. Many studies have been conducted for rain-gauge network design using a variety of methods including statistical approaches, such as spatial correlation (Nazaripour & Daneshvar, 2017), multivariate and geostatistics (Dai & Ye, 2015;Putthividhya & Tanaka, 2012;Seo, Siddique, & Ahnert, 2014;Shaghaghian & Abedini, 2013), entropy (Chen, Wei, & Yeh, 2008;Karimi-Hosseini, Bozorg Haddad, & Mariño, 2011;Vivekanandan & Jagtap, 2012;Xu et al, 2015), and state-space stochastic models (Ndiritu, 2013). However, few of these studies considered socio-economic factors, such as population density, location, Table 2.…”

Optimal Stream Gauge Network Design Using Entropy Theory and Importance of Stream Gauge Stations

“…Therefore, it can be said that a sufficient amount of transinformation and importance according to installation purpose can be achieved through the operation of eight stream gauge stations. From an economical perspective, it is efficient to determine eight stream gauge stations (1,2,6,7,8,10,11,12) by applying the two objective functions ( Table 9).…”

“…The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport of South Korea (MOLIT) [10] constructed a national stream gauge network by performing both a status survey and a field survey from 2006 to 2007. Alfonso et al [11] proposed a method of placing stream gauge stations based on information theory measurement, and Putthividhya and Tanaka [12] evaluated the importance of each rain gauge for the Yom river basin in Thailand using multivariate geostatistical algorithms that integrated altitude, humidity, and temperature data. Nguyen et al [13] proposed an optimal basin hydrology network using the relative distances between rain gauges, spatial interpolation of rainfall, and multi-layer analysis based on a geographic information system (GIS) to develop a real-time flood warning system for the Thu Bon river basin in Vietnam.…”