Optimal power–heat–carbon scheduling strategy for interconnected heterogeneous multi-microgrid considering hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

Abstract

The scale of multi-microgrid (MMG) and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) is increasing dramatically with the increase in the new energy penetration ratio, and developing an integrated energy system containing a multi-microgrid for hydrogen fuel vehicles brings great challenges to power grid operation. Focusing on the difficulties of the access of multiple microgrids for the low-carbon and economic operation of the system, this paper proposes an optimal interconnected heterogeneous multi-microgrid power–heat–carbon scheduling strategy for hydrogen-fueled vehicles. Firstly, an HFCV model is established, and then an optimal scheduling model is constructed for the cooperative trading of power–heat–carbon in a multi-microgrid, on the basis of which the low-carbon economic operation of the multi-microgrid is realized. The results of the case study show that the scheduling strategy in this paper reduces carbon emissions by about 7.12% and costs by about 3.41% compared with the independent operation of the multi-microgrid. The degrees of interaction of each multi-microgrid are also analyzed under different HFCV penetration rates.