The opportunities arising from the recent advances in multimedia, along with the emerging future internet-of-things (IoT) applications, such as smart cities, health monitoring devices, and driverless cars, are limited by the operational expenses (OPEX) of the base stations (BSs), as well as the finite battery capacity of the involved wireless communication devices. This calls for conscious utilization of energy and other resources, especially taking into account the trade-off among the utilized energy, bandwidth, and time. An alternative/complementary approach to reduce the OPEX and increase the networks lifetime is energy harvesting (EH), which refers to harnessing energy from the environment. Interestingly, except for harvesting energy from ambient light sources, which are uncontrollable, wireless power transfer can also be used, in order to remotely charge wireless devices with low energy requirements in a wide area. However, EH creates several new challenges, with the main focus of this dissertation being on the development of novel scheduling and resource allocation schemes, that take into account and regulate the energy constraints imposed by the levels of harvested energy.To this direction, the first chapter of this thesis investigates the optimal energy, time, and bandwidth allocation problem for the downlink of energy harvesting base stations (EHBSs), with the main focus being on autonomous EHBS. The presented analysis takes into account the impact of the energy constraint on users preferences and the BS's revenue. In order to model the competitive nature of the problem, game theory is used, and more specifically the framework of a generalized Stackelberg game. Also, an efficient iterative method is proposed to facilitate all the players to reach the variational equilibrium, i.e., the optimal solution of the game.The next two chapters focus on wireless powered networks (WPNs) and simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) using radio frequency (RF) technology, with emphasis being given on the created trade-offs. One of the main contributions of these chapters is the introduction of both uplink and downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) for WPNs. Moreover, the individual data rates and fairness are improved, while the formulated problems are optimally and efficiently solved. It is shown that, compared to orthogonal multiple access, NOMA offers a considerable improvement in throughput, fairness, and energy efficiency. Rather than this, proportional fairness is maximized and uplink/downlink of WPNs are jointly optimized, in which cases, except for NOMA, time divison multiple access is also investigated. Also, the role of interference is considered, which has been recognized as one of the main reasons of the asymmetric overall degradation of the users' performance, due to different path-loss values, called from now on as cascaded near-far problem. Moreover, SWIPT is investigated and efficiently optimized in the context of multicarrier cooperative communication networks.Finally, simu...