“…The capacitor placement challenge is a very well-known topic that has been discussed by a number of authors in the past, such as, genetic algorithm method [8,9], the sperm whale algorithm (SWA) [10], moth-flame optimization algorithm [11] and complex calculation methods like fuzzy logic control (FLC) [12], these methods are used for reduce power loss, improve the voltage profile but not considering operation cost. In addition to other considerations, the cost of installing and operating capacitors will be considered, such as cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) [13], locust search method (LS) [14], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [15,16], genetic algorithm (GA) [17], and hybrid approach of PSO-GA [18]. All the above methods can efficiently reduce the operating cost of the installed capacitor bank in the distribution system.…”