“…A method based on structural information using an arithmetic sign (directional effect between a manipulation and a controlled variable) to generate an optimal control policy was studied by Mathisen et al, 5 Glemmestad et al, 6 and Lersbamrungsuk et al 2 Online and periodic optimizations for the operation of HENs were studied by Aguilera and Marchetti, 7 Glemmestad et al, 8 and González et al 9 If only single bypasses and utility duties are used as manipulations, then the steady-state optimal operation of HENs can be formulated as a linear programming (LP) problem. 2,7 This assumes constant heat capacity for the streams and constant heat transfer coefficients, which is a reasonable assumption for many problems.…”