Optimal noise suppression in Fresnel incoherent correlation holography (FINCH) configured for maximum imaging resolution

Abstract

An optimal setup in the sense of imaging resolution for the Fresnel incoherent correlation holography (FINCH) system is proposed and analyzed. Experimental results of the proposed setup in reflection mode suffer from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) due to a granular noise. SNR improvement is achieved by two methods that rely on increasing the initial amount of phase-shifted recorded holograms. In the first method, we average over several independent complex-valued digital holograms obtained by recording different sets of three digital phase-shifted holograms. In the second method, the least-squares solution for solving a system of an overdetermined set of linear equations is approximated by utilizing the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse. These methods improve the resolution of the reconstructed image due to their ability to reveal fine and weak details of the observed object.

Optimal resolution in Fresnel incoherent correlation holographic fluorescence microscopy

“…To avoid the problem of the twin image, one of the interference terms, (the second or third terms) in Eq. (8) should be isolated by the phase-shifting procedure [10,11]. Reconstructing this term by Fresnel back propagation yields the image of the point at a distance z r from the hologram given by Eq.…”

“…(15) is $f_d\le \left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)z_h$. In this study and in Ref [11], we used the complete field of view, and therefore we assume a = 1. Consequently the focal length of the diffractive lens should be equal or smaller than twice the distance between the SLM and the CCD, or in a formal way, $f_d\le 2z_h$.…”

Fresnel incoherent correlation holography (FINCH): a review of research

“…[24 -27] . These studies include noise suppression by FINCH [24] , super-resolution achieved by FINCH in a synthetic aperture mode [25,26] and the axial resolution which can be achieved by FINCH [27] . The theoretical and experimental data presented here and in Refs.…”

Three-Dimensional Imaging by Self-Reference Single-Channel Digital Incoherent Holography

“…Since its introduction in 2007 [31], FINCH has earned the attention of several research groups around the world [8], [9], [12], [32]–[48]. This may be attributed to many contributing factors, including the simple working principle of FINCH, its common-path single channel design and, most importantly, its ability to record the complete 3D information of spatially incoherent objects.…”