Optimal Monopulse Beamforming for Side-Looking Airborne Radars

Gottardi, Giorgio; Poli, Lorenzo; Rocca, Paolo; Montanari, A.; Aprile, Angelo; Massa, Andrea

doi:10.1109/lawp.2016.2628881

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Adaptive BF methods are proposed in [10] and [11], while an MVDR beamformer for null level control via quadratic programming is proposed in [12]. BF methods with sidelobe suppression are proposed in [13]- [16], while optimal BF methods implemented through convex optimization are proposed in [17] and [18]. Finally, the method proposed in [19] for pattern synthesis with low SLL takes into account the mutual coupling between the elements of a linear antenna array and could potentially be used to perform BF.…”

Section: Prior Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a lot of applications related to BF can be found in the literature [17], [18], [33]- [42]. Optimal BF methods suitable for airborne radars are proposed in [17] and [18], while in [33] an intelligent BF system is proposed for the reception of direct broadcast satellite signals. A monolithic integration of a modified Butler matrix BF network and a four-arm spiral antenna is implemented in [34] for efficient operation from 50 to 75 GHz.…”

Section: Prior Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Effective Modification of Conventional Beamforming Methods Suitable for Realistic Linear Antenna Arrays

Zaharis

Gravas

Lazaridis

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Antenna array beamforming (BF) refers to a real-time procedure that aims at calculating the proper feeding weights applied to the array elements in order to create a main lobe and a number of nulls toward respective preassigned directions. Most of the research performed on BF has been based on a simplified mathematical model, which ignores the nonisotropic radiation pattern of the array elements and the element mutual coupling. This article introduces an innovative way to incorporate the actual radiation pattern of the array elements and the element coupling into two popular deterministic BF methods, thus making these methods applicable to realistic antenna arrays. These two modified methods are applied in several scenarios, where a desired signal and several interference signals with various directions of arrival are received by a realistic microstrip linear antenna array. The statistical analysis performed in every scenario demonstrates the validity and effectiveness of the proposed modification. Index Terms-Antenna array beamforming (BF), direction of arrival (DoA), microstrip arrays, minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR), mutual coupling, null steering beamforming (NSB). I. INTRODUCTION A NTENNA array beamforming (BF) is related to a particular problem that has to be solved in real time. It concerns the calculation of feeding weights applied by a proper feeding network to the elements of the antenna array in order to make the array create a main lobe and a number of radiation nulls toward respective preassigned directions [1]-[19]. In fact, the main lobe direction must coincide with the direction of Manuscript

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Section: Prior Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prior Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Effective Modification of Conventional Beamforming Methods Suitable for Realistic Linear Antenna Arrays

Zaharis

Gravas

Lazaridis

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to this algorithm, a very large number (two or three times the degrees of freedom of the antenna array) of artificial interference signals is used with their power being updated at each iteration until the desired SLL is achieved. In [23], [24] and [36] convex optimization is applied for beamforming and side lobe suppression. A low side lobe pattern synthesis method is proposed in [37] for large planar arrays.…”

Section: Prior Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since sample sets of DIS and UISs are used in the beamforming procedure, ABF belongs into the category of digital beamforming, which yields better results compared to conventional analog beamforming [25]. Several deterministic [2]- [5], [7], [8], [10], [12], [15], [17], [20], [23] and evolutionary ABF techniques [6], [9], [11], [13], [14], [16], [18], [19], [21], [22], [24] can be found in the literature, as well as applications of beamforming in different types of antennas and radars [23], [24], [26]- [34]. Among these techniques, the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR), sample matrix inversion (SMI), and recursive least squares (RLS) [2], [3] are very popular.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Beamforming With Sidelobe Suppression by Placing Extra Radiation Pattern Nulls

Gravas

Zaharis

Yioultsis

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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A new iterative adaptive beamforming (ABF) algorithm based on conventional beamformers is proposed, in order not only to steer the main lobe towards a desired signal and place radiation pattern nulls towards respective interference signals, but also to achieve a desired side lobe level (SLL). Thus, the algorithm becomes less susceptible to unpredicted interference signals than conventional beamformers. In each iteration, the algorithm finds the direction of the peak of the greatest side lobe, which is considered as direction of arrival (DoA) of a hypothetical interference signal, and the conventional beamformer is then employed to find proper antenna array weights that produce an extra null towards this direction. The iterative procedure stops when the desired SLL is obtained. The algorithm is applied on three conventional beamformers and is tested for various signal DoA, while the direction deviation of the main lobe and the nulls is recorded, to evaluate the algorithm in terms of robustness. The proposed algorithm needs a few iterations to achieve the desired SLL, and thus is much faster than any evolutionary iterative method employed for side lobe suppression. Finally, unlike methods that employ neural networks, the proposed algorithm does not need any training to become functional.

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“…As for phased array monopulse, active electronically scanned array (AESA) is widely used and discussed in different publications. in the phased array monopulse radar is to optimize the sum and difference pattern using subarray configuration with reduced complexity of beamforming-network (BFN) [28,29]. Adaptive monopulse and space-time adaptive processing is also considered in [30][31][32].…”

Section: Monopulse Fundamentalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Target Localization Using MIMO-Monopulse: Application on 79 GHz FMCW Automotive Radar

Feng

Uysal

Yarovoy

2018

2018 15th European Radar Conference (EuRAD)

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Automotive radar is widely used for driving safety support and it is a key element of future autonomous vehicles. Radar sensors have the property that the performance is not to be affected by low vision conditions compared with camera sensors or laser based radar sensors, which makes it crucial for the autonomous driving system.Automotive radar system utilizes millimeter-wave band to detect the range, velocity and direction of arrival (DOA). Commercial 24 GHz and 77GHz radar have been well developed in vehicle applications at present, and the future trend is 79 GHz solution with wider 4 GHz bandwidth, which has been defined by the European Commission in 2004 as the frequency allocation for automotive shortrange radar systems.The main modulation method of automotive radar is Frequency-Modulated Continous-Wave(FMCW), which holds advantages including high-resolution distance measurement, quick updating and lower sampling frequency required on hardware.

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Optimal Monopulse Beamforming for Side-Looking Airborne Radars

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

An Effective Modification of Conventional Beamforming Methods Suitable for Realistic Linear Antenna Arrays

An Effective Modification of Conventional Beamforming Methods Suitable for Realistic Linear Antenna Arrays

Adaptive Beamforming With Sidelobe Suppression by Placing Extra Radiation Pattern Nulls

Target Localization Using MIMO-Monopulse: Application on 79 GHz FMCW Automotive Radar

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