“…The VPP obtained by clustering DERs will be able to monitor and control the power absorbed by electrical users and provide dispatching/flexibility services to the electricity distributor. Another interesting and promising concept within SDN can be represented by energy hub (EH), namely a common framework that integrates different energy carriers at production, distribution, conversion, storage and consumption stages [3,18]. Therefore, EHs, also called multi-energy systems (MESs), conjugate electricity, heat, cooling, fuels, and transport needs, which can interact optimally to each other at various levels (for instance, within a district, city or region).…”