Optimal Locations for Plant Reintroductions in a Changing World

Maschinski, Joyce; Falk, Donald A.; Wright, Samuel J.; Possley, Jennifer; Roncal, Julissa; Wendelberger, Kristie S.

doi:10.5822/978-1-61091-183-2_7

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…These strategies are aimed at reducing the direct effects of changing climate in the short term. Specific resistance tactics might include restoration to a historical range of variability (e.g., Ravenscroft et al 2010), protecting species at risk within climate refuges (e.g., Maschinski et al 2012), eradicating climate-driven invasive species from highly sensitive areas (e.g., Chapuis et al 2004), or blocking an invading epidemic from a local high-value area (e.g., Rizzo and Garbelotto 2003). Resistance strategies are recognized as valuable in the short term in highvalue sites; however, the tactics may not provide long-term protection against the effects of global change (Ravenscroft et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alternative forest management on biomass and species diversity in the face of climate change in the northern Great Lakes region (USA)

2014

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Northern Great Lakes forests represent an ecotone in the boreal-temperate transition zone and are expected to change dramatically with climate change. Managers are increasingly seeking adaptation strategies to manage these forests. We explored the efficacy of two alternative management scenarios compared with business-as-usual (BAU) management: expanding forest reserves meant to preserve forest identity and increase resistance, and modified silviculture meant to preserve forest function and increase adaptive capacity. Our study landscapes encompassed northeastern Minnesota and northern Lower Michigan, which are predicted to experience significant changes in a future climate and represent a gradient of latitude, forest type, and management. We used the LANDIS-II forest simulation model to simulate forest change under current climate, low emissions climate, and high emissions climate futures. Our results suggest that under a low emissions climate scenario, expanded reserves and modified silviculture strategies can be effective at increasing resistance by preserving forest composition, including legacy species (e.g., balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.)), and increasing adaptive capacity by maintaining or increasing aboveground biomass compared with BAU management. Under a high emissions climate scenario, the expanded reserve strategy was not effective at preserving legacy species; however, the modified silviculture strategy was effective at increasing aboveground biomass compared with BAU management. These results highlight alternative management options and limitations in the face of climate change.Résumé : Les forêts du nord des Grands Lacs constituent un écotone dans la zone de transition entre les régions boréale et tempérée et devraient être radicalement modifiées par les changements climatiques. Les gestionnaires sont de plus en plus en quête de stratégies d'adaptation pour aménager ces forêts. Nous avons étudié l'efficacité de deux scénarios alternatifs d'aménagement en les comparant à l'aménagement actuel : l'expansion des réserves forestières destinées à préserver l'identité et augmenter la résistance de la forêt; la modification de la sylviculture afin de préserver la fonction et accroître la capacité d'adaptation de la forêt. Les paysages visés par notre étude comprenaient le nord-est du Minnesota et le nord du Bas-Michigan qui devraient connaître d'importants changements climatiques dans le futur et qui représentent un gradient de latitude, de type forestier et d'aménagement. Nous avons utilisé le modèle de simulation forestière LANDIS-II pour simuler l'évolution de la forêt avec le climat actuel et avec un climat futur caractérisé par de faibles ou de fortes émissions. Dans le cas du scénario climatique qui comporte de faibles émissions, nos résultats indiquent que l'expansion des réserves et la modification des stratégies sylvicoles pourraient être efficaces pour augmenter la résistance en préservant la composition de la forêt, incluant les espèces traditionnelles comme le sapin baumier (Abies balsa...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alternative forest management on biomass and species diversity in the face of climate change in the northern Great Lakes region (USA)

2014

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“…Therefore, it is important to select appropriate donor populations and places to establish new populations. Many investigators agree that finding optimal habitat sites is crucial for successful reintroduction, because the fitness of introduced plants mainly depends on favorable habitat conditions (Dalrymple et al ; Maschinski et al ; Reiter et al ). The demography and genetic diversity of donor populations should also be considered to increase success, because, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases, recipient sites are chosen according to expert knowledge and subjective impressions of the similarity between a habitat of current occurrence and surveyed sites. Few studies have directly investigated environmental conditions prior to the selection of a recipient site, and the number of factors included is usually limited (Maschinski et al ; Reiter et al ). Other indirect approaches of recipient site selection focus on comparing plant communities (Smith et al ; Reiter et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare plant translocation between mineral islands in Biebrza Valley (northeastern Poland): effectiveness and recipient site selection

Brzosko

Jermakowicz

Ostrowiecka

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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We carried out translocations of three rare plants that inhabit mineral islands in the marshy Biebrza Valley in order to create alternative populations and facilitate connectivity between existing subpopulations. The species chosen were Iris aphylla and two orchids: Cypripedium calceolus and Cephalanthera rubra. Thirty soil monoliths with vegetative orchid plants or parts of I. aphylla rhizomes were dug out and transplanted to three different sites on new mineral islands (half in 2012 and half in 2013). Prior to translocation, we measured soil moisture and pH and took phytosociological characteristics in 68 potential recipient sites for orchids and 15 for I. aphylla. Then, we monitored the number of shoots for 4 years and retrospectively conducted principal component analysis (PCA) in order to compare the similarity of donor sites and chosen recipient sites. Three years after transplantation we found new C. calceolus populations in good condition, I. aphylla populations in moderate, while C. rubra transplants emerged only in the first and second season. All newly established populations of C. calceolus and I. aphylla survived. In the case of the first species, fruiting was observed in two populations, while a marked increase in shoot number was observed in one population. The most successful C. calceolus translocation site was also the most similar to the donor sites according to PCA.

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“…Field seed experiments have shown microsite (Maschinski et al 2012b) and vegetation management influence seed germination and population establishment (Fischer & Matthies 1998). With changing climate, habitat fragmentation, and altered ecosystem function, many species may require dispersal to survive future conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving success of rare plant seed reintroductions: a case study of Dalea carthagenensis var. floridana, a rare legume with dormant seeds

Maschinski

Possley

Walters³

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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Recent reviews of rare plant reintroduction success indicate that far fewer studies have been conducted with seeds than whole plants, and of these, less than 10% have established or had long‐term population persistence reported. Because seed reintroductions are relatively less expensive than plant reintroductions, determining ways to increase efficacy of using seeds to establish rare populations has conservation benefits. In laboratory trials, we examined seed germination of an endangered legume, Dalea carthagenensis var. floridana, endemic in South Florida, U.S.A. Laboratory treatments confirmed that seeds are hard seeded, remaining viable for 1,452 days even when moist; nicking, heat, and freezing triggered higher and more rapid germination than controls. Field trials begun in 2009, using pretreated (frozen) and untreated seeds within two habitats (natural and novel) revealed that freezing pretreatment increased germination in both habitats. However, plants matured, reproduced, and established seedlings only in natural habitat, not in novel habitat. By 2012, seed treatment plots in natural pine rockland had significantly greater numbers of reproductive plants and seedlings than controls. In a restoration context, using seed pretreatments to stimulate germination can improve establishment success in suitable habitats. When paired with essential vegetation management and a controlled burn, seed augmentation helped rescue the population from the brink of extinction.

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Optimal Locations for Plant Reintroductions in a Changing World

Cited by 37 publications

References 55 publications

Effects of alternative forest management on biomass and species diversity in the face of climate change in the northern Great Lakes region (USA)

Effects of alternative forest management on biomass and species diversity in the face of climate change in the northern Great Lakes region (USA)

Rare plant translocation between mineral islands in Biebrza Valley (northeastern Poland): effectiveness and recipient site selection

Improving success of rare plant seed reintroductions: a case study of Dalea carthagenensis var. floridana, a rare legume with dormant seeds

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