Optimal Inertia Reserve and Inertia Control Strategy for Wind Farms

Abstract

It is important to reduce the impact of the high penetration of wind power into the electricity supply for the purposes of the security and stability of the power grid. As such, the inertia capability of wind farms has become an observation index. The existing control modes cannot guarantee the wind turbine to respond to the frequency variation of the grid, hence, it may lead to frequency instability as the penetration of wind power gets much higher. For the stability of the power grid, a simple and applicable method is to realize inertia response by controlling wind farms based on a high-speed communication network. Thus, with the consideration of the inertia released by a wind turbine at its different operating points, the inertia control mechanism of a doubly-fed wind turbine is analyzed firstly in this paper. The optimal exit point of inertia control is discussed. Then, an active power control strategy for wind farms is proposed to reserve the maximum inertia under a given power output constraint. Furthermore, turbines in a wind farm are grouped depending on their inertia capabilities, and a wind farm inertia control strategy for reasonable extraction of inertia is then presented. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is verified by simulation on the RT-LAB (11.3.3, OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES, Montreal, Quebec, Canada) platform with detailed models of the wind farm.

Virtual Inertia Control for Power Electronics-Integrated Power Systems: Challenges and Prospects

“…The system depicted a derivative VI scheme that effectively handles disturbances. In the article [68], the active power output fluctuations are controlled using an optimised derivative VI controller utilising a wind farm. The proposed system reduces the frequency of deterioration.…”

Study on Quantitative Evaluation Index of Power System Frequency Response Capability

“…With the large-scale new energy resources and DC connected to a power grid, the proportion of traditional conventional synchronous units has gradually declined, and a large number of power electronic devices have been used in the power grid, resulting in the weakening of the inertia response and primary frequency modulation capability [5][6][7][8][9][10], so it is necessary to study and establish quantitative evaluation indexes of system-level frequency response capability to guarantee the stability of power grid frequency. References [11,12] analyze the virtual moment of inertia of wind power plants and propose the virtual inertia estimation method and active power control strategy of wind farms [11,12]. Reference [13] sums up the importance of power system inertia for power system stability and determines the inertia contribution from different power consumer groups [13].…”

Two-Phase Short-Term Frequency Response Scheme of a DFIG-Based Wind Farm

“…The frequency response functions include long-term frequency response (utilizing reserve power of the VSWTGs implemented by over-speed control, pitch angle control, or both of them) (Ye et al, 2019;Cai et al, 2020), and short-term frequency response (utilizing kinetic energy of the VSWTGs).…”