Optimal ferrofluids for magnetic cooling devices

Pattanaik, M.S.; Varma, Vijaykumar B.; Cheekati, S.K.; Chaudhary, Varun; Ramanujan, R.V.

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03514-2

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This displacement creates a circulation as the colder ferrofluid is attracted toward the regions with stronger magnetic fields. [ 35 ] These conditions are met in our experiments. Figure a illustrates the intensity of the magnetic field generated by a cylindrical magnet positioned beneath the ferrofluid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spinning a Liquid Wheel and Driving Surface Thermomagnetic Convection with Light

Liu,

Lin,

Qin

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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A typical Tesla thermomagnetic engine employs a solid magnetic wheel to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, while thermomagnetic convection in ferrofluid is still challenging to observe because it is a volume convection that occurs in an enclosed space. Using a water‐based ferrofluid, we demonstrate a liquid Tesla thermomagnetic engine and report the observation of thermomagnetic convection on a free surface. Both types of fluid motions are driven by light and observed by simply placing ferrofluid on a cylindrical magnet. The surface thermomagnetic convection on the free surface is made possible by eliminating the Marangoni effect, while the spinning of the liquid wheel is achieved through the solid‐like behavior of the ferrofluid under a strong magnetic field. Increasing the magnetic field reveals a transition from simple thermomagnetic convection to a combination of the central spin of the spiky wheel surrounded by thermomagnetic convection in the outer region of the ferrofluid. We further demonstrate the coupling between multiple ferrofluid wheels through a fluid bridge. These demonstrations not only unveil the unique properties of ferrofluid but also provide a new platform for studying complex fluid dynamics and thermomagnetic convection, opening up exciting opportunities for light‐controlled fluid actuation and soft robotics.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Spinning a Liquid Wheel and Driving Surface Thermomagnetic Convection with Light

Liu,

Lin,

Qin

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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“…Metals are rapidly oxidized when disseminated into liquid carriers, losing their ability to provide heat transfer characteristics in applications, whereas metal oxides are resistant to oxidation and provide good TC values. [ 162,240 ] Thus, they are one of the main choices of MNPs for the preparation of NMFs for cooling applications. In this section, we have provided a comprehensive review of the different MNPs used for the NMFs preparation along with their thermophysical characteristics.…”

Section: Thermophysical Properties Of Nanomagnetic Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlating the Dipolar Interactions Induced Magneto‐Viscoelasticity and Thermal Conductivity Enhancements in Nanomagnetic Fluids

Singh

Pathak

Jain

et al. 2023

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The effective thermal management of electronic system holds the key to maximize their performance. The recent miniaturization trends require a cooling system with high heat flux capacity, localized cooling, and active control. Nanomagnetic fluids (NMFs) based cooling systems have the ability to meet the current demand of the cooling system for the miniaturized electronic system. However, the thermal characteristics of NMFs have a long way to go before the internal mechanisms are well understood. This review mainly focuses on the three aspects to establish a correlation between the thermal and rheological properties of the NMFs. First, the background, stability, and factors affecting the properties of the NMFs are discussed. Second, the ferrohydrodynamic equations are introduced for the NMFs to explain the rheological behavior and relaxation mechanism. Finally, different theoretical and experimental models are summarized that explain the thermal characteristics of the NMFs. Thermal characteristics of the NMFs are significantly affected by the morphology and composition of the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in NMFs as well as the type of carrier liquids and surface functionalization that also influences the rheological properties. Thus, understanding the correlation between the thermal characteristics of the NMFs and rheological properties helps develop cooling systems with improved performance.

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