Optimal enhancement of immune response

Abstract

stengel@princeton.edu; rghiglia@princeton.edu; nkulkarn@princeton.edu

Optimal Therapeutic Control Modeling for Immune System Response

“…We are considering here, the mathematical model as employed in [1,2] which is the idealize model of a generic humoral immune response. The model consisting of four components: the concentration of a foreign pathogen (y 1 ), concentration of plasma cells (y 2 ), concentration of antibodies that bind to the antigen (y 3 ) and a measure of the health of an organ (y 4 ) that may be damaged in infection attack.…”

“…If the initial concentration is known precisely [1], the optimizing control history maximizes efficacy of the drug while minimizing its side effects and cost. For the second study [2], a feedback strategy based on a linear perturbation model of response dynamics is derived to account for variations induced by unknown initial infection. The therapy is modified as a function of the difference between the optimal and observed dynamic states over the entire treatment period, assuming that the difference is measured without error.…”

“…This paper deals a linear-optimal state evaluator in the feedback therapy to minimize the effects of measurement error. However, we are using the model of immune response that was employed in [1,2].…”

Robust H∞ Tracking Control of Stochastic Innate Immune System Under Noises

“…The antibodies identify targets for scavenging cells that engulf and consume the microbes, reducing them to non-functioning units (Stengel et al, 2002b). The antibodies also stimulate the production of cytokines, complement factors and acute-phase response proteins that either damage an intruder's plasma membrane directly or trigger the second phase of immune response.…”

“…The antibodies also stimulate the production of cytokines, complement factors and acute-phase response proteins that either damage an intruder's plasma membrane directly or trigger the second phase of immune response. The innate immune system protects against many extracellular bacteria or free viruses found in blood plasma, lymph, tissue fluid, or interstitial space between cells, but it cannot clean out microbes that burrow into cells, such as viruses, intracellular bacteria, and protozoa (Janeway, 2005;Lydyard et al, 2000;Stengel et al, 2002b). The innate immune system is a complex system and the obscure relationships between the immune system and the environment in which several modulatory stimuli are embedded (e.g.…”