Optimal design of single‐contaminant regeneration reuse water networks with process decomposition

Abstract

Water network with regeneration schemes (e.g., regeneration reuse, regeneration recycling) can reduce freshwater consumption further than water network merely with direct reuse. Regeneration reuse, compared with regeneration recycling, can additionally avoid unexpected accumulation of contaminants. Owing to these features, process decomposition can help to reduce freshwater usage and wastewater discharge of regeneration reuse water systems and achieve the results, which graphical method delivers. In this article, the effect of decomposition on water-using process and further on regeneration reuse water system is briefly analyzed on the concentration-mass load diagram. Then a superstructure and three sequential mathematical models, which take process decomposition into account, are in turn developed to optimize single contaminant regeneration reuse water systems. By several examples, the reliability of the models is verified. Moreover, several decomposition strategies are summarized to realize the regeneration reuse water network, which attains the targets from graphical method. The results indicate that postregeneration concentration has a major impact on the scheme of process decomposition. V V C 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 56: 915-929, 2010

Process Design, Integration and Optimisation: Advantages, Challenges and Drivers

“…Thus, with few exceptions, the overall model is of the NLP type, the main concern being how to reduce its complexity to MINLP without compromising its adequacy. Bai et al (2010) used the effect of process decomposition upon a water-using process, and further on a regeneration reuse water system, to build a superstructure and three sequential mathematical models to optimise single-contaminant regeneration reuse water systems, showing that decomposition multiplies optimising variables and increases model dimensions, which incur a series of solving diffi culties. Handani et al (2010) used a representative superstructure based on the water management hierarchy options, which considers all conceivable methods to holistically reduce fresh water usage through elimination, reduction, reuse/outsourcing and regeneration, and solved the optimisation using the MINLP technique.…”

An iterative design method for regeneration reuse water network with internal water mains

“…As can be seen from Figure , the total freshwater flowrate of the WN is 157.46 t/hr. Bai et al also studied this example and established a conventional regeneration reuse WN with unit decomposition. Table shows the results of this paper and the literature.…”

“…Feng et al used sequential optimization method to optimize freshwater flowrate, regenerated water flowrate, and contaminant regeneration load and obtained the theoretically optimal regeneration recycling WN. Bai et al presented a superstructure and three mathematical models for single‐contaminant system by analyzing the influence of unit decomposition on the regeneration reuse WN. Yang et al developed shortcut models for the RU, taking into account the uncertainty of mass load of contaminants.…”

Optimal retrofit of water conservation networks

“…The basic concepts for the mass integration strategies can be found in the literature (see for example the books by El-Halwagi (El-Halwagi, 2006, 1997). One of the most interesting applications for the mass integration strategies is the minimization for the fresh water consumption through the use of recycle and reuse networks, and considering regeneration units, several techniques have been reported to provide conceptual and graphical approaches to solve this problem (see for example references (Wang and Smith, 1994;Gomes et al, 2007;El-Halwagi and Spriggs, 1996;Sorin and Bedard, 1999;Kuo and Smith, 1998;Polley and Polley, 2000;Hallale, 2002;El-Halwagi et al, 2003;Dakwala et al, 2009;Kumaraprasad & Muthukumar, 2009;Foo et al, 2005;Saw et al, in press;Chen and Lee, 2010;Tan et al, 2010;Manan et al, 2009)), and others methodologies have used mathematical approaches for the water integration (see (Takama et al, 1980;Doyle and Smith, 1997;AlvaArgaez et al, 1998;Galan and Grossmann, 1998;Huang et al, 1999;Benko et al, 2000;Savelski and Bagajewicz, 2000;Tan et al, 2008;Hernandez-Suarez et al, 2004;Gabriel and El-Halwagi, 2005;Karuppiah and Grossmann, 2006;Gunaratnam et al, 2005;Bai et al, 2010;Feng et al, 2008;Handani et al, 2010;Tokos and Pintaric, 2009;Lavric et al, 2005;Oliver et al, 2008;…”