“…Various objectives, such as minimizing weight/volume, minimizing the number of entropy generation units and minimizing capital and operational costs, have been considered in different studies on PFHEs. To overcome the difficulties of this multi-faceted design process, various studies have proposed different strategies ranging from traditional mathematical formulations [4][5][6][7][8] to artificial neural networks [9] and evolutionary methods [3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”