Optimal design of a university campus micro-grid operating under unreliable grid considering PV and battery storage

Chedid, R.; Sawwas, Ahmad; Fares, Dima

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.117510

Cited by 52 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Based on the variables and formulation, the final problem can be mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) [110], mixed-integer nonlinear programming [129], quadratic programming [130], etc., which can be solved using different techniques such as Lagrangian multiplier [104], [131], (adaptive) dynamic programming (DP) [132], [133], heuristic methods (PSO, GA, …) [125], [134], etc.…”

Section: A Mgs Optimization/schedulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) and the Economy-Dynamics of Microgrids: Review, Analysis, and Classification for Standardization of BESSs Applications

Eskandari¹,

Rajabi²,

Savkin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The literature on microgrid (MG) studies can be categorized as those that investigated the dynamics or economics of MG systems. Due to the important roles of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in MGs, the BESSs have been involved in both economics and dynamics studies but mostly separately due to the different time constants of studies. Whereas, in the complicated modern MGs, the BESS is the joint point that bridges these two studies. Thus, studying merely one aspect of economy-dynamic without considering the other aspect would not be accurate. To bridge this gap, this paper reviews, analysis and classifies the BESSs applications, based on their time constants, by merging of which helps researchers to develop joint economy-dynamics models that would be the future trend in the field. The classified BESS applications are 1) inertia synthesis, 2) primary frequency response to compensate slow response time of micro-sources (MSs) for load tracking, 3) real-time energy management for the integration of intermittent renewables, 4) economic dispatch and optimal power flow for improving steady-state performance, and 5) slack bus realization. The research gaps and future trends have been discussed throughout the paper and are summarized in the future trend section.

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Section: A Mgs Optimization/schedulingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) and the Economy-Dynamics of Microgrids: Review, Analysis, and Classification for Standardization of BESSs Applications

Eskandari¹,

Rajabi²,

Savkin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Other works have designed microgrids with energy storage for the integration of renewable generation. In ref [ 9 ], a microgrid with energy storage is proposed for the Savona Campus of the Genoa University (Italy), and in ref [ 10 ] a PV and a battery storage system is proposed for the American University of Beirut (Lebanon). In ref [ 11 ], the design of a PV and energy storage system, integrated with energy efficiency technologies is conducted to achieve a near zero-energy building at the University of Coimbra (Portugal).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT Platform for Energy Sustainability in University Campuses

Moura

Moreno

López

et al. 2021

Sensors

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University campuses are normally constituted of large buildings responsible for high energy demand, and are also important as demonstration sites for new technologies and systems. This paper presents the results of achieving energy sustainability in a testbed composed of a set of four buildings that constitute the Telecommunications Engineering School of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. In the paper, after characterizing the consumption of university buildings for a complete year, different options to achieve more sustainable use of energy are presented, considering the integration of renewable generation sources, namely photovoltaic generation, and monitoring and controlling electricity demand. To ensure the implementation of the desired monitoring and control, an internet of things (IoT) platform based on wireless sensor network (WSN) infrastructure was designed and installed. Such a platform supports a smart system to control the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and lighting systems in buildings. Furthermore, the paper presents the developed IoT-based platform, as well as the implemented services. As a result, the paper illustrates how providing old existing buildings with the appropriate technology can contribute to the objective of transforming such buildings into nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEB) at a low cost.

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“…Because the isolated MG should be able to supply power to the load using the ESS alone, it is related to the load carrying capacity of the MG [16,22]. Typically, the ESS of an MG is designed to have a significantly larger capacity compared to the PCS of other RESs [23,24]. The EMS of an MG is operated based on the battery SoC [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Conversion System Operation Algorithm for Efficient Energy Management of Microgrids

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

Electronics

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This paper investigates the operation of each power conversion system (PCS) for efficient energy management systems (EMSs) of microgrids (MGs). When MGs are linked to renewable energy sources (RESs), the reduction in power conversion efficiency can be minimized. Furthermore, energy storage systems (ESSs) are utilized to manage the surplus power of RESs. Thus, the present work presents a method to minimize the use of the existing power grid and increase the utilization rate of energy generated through RESs. To minimize the use of the existing power grid, a PCS operation method for photovoltaics (PV) and ESS used in MGs is proposed. PV, when it is directly connected as an intermittent energy source, induces voltage fluctuations in the distribution network. Thus, to overcome this shortcoming, this paper utilizes a system that connects PV and a distributed energy storage system (DESS). A PV-DESS integrated module is designed and controlled for tracking constant power. In addition, the DESS serves to compensate for the insufficient power generation of PV. The main energy storage systems (MESSs) used in MGs affect all aspects of the power management in the system. Because MGs perform their operations based on the capacity of the MESS, a PCS designed with a large capacity is utilized to stably operate the system. Because the MESS performs energy management through operations under various load conditions, it must have constant efficiency under all load conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes a PCS operation algorithm with constant efficiency for the MESS. Utilizing the operation algorithm of each PCS, this paper describes the efficient energy management of the MG and further proposes an algorithm for operating the existing power grid at the minimum level.

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Optimal design of a university campus micro-grid operating under unreliable grid considering PV and battery storage

Cited by 52 publications

References 22 publications

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) and the Economy-Dynamics of Microgrids: Review, Analysis, and Classification for Standardization of BESSs Applications

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) and the Economy-Dynamics of Microgrids: Review, Analysis, and Classification for Standardization of BESSs Applications

IoT Platform for Energy Sustainability in University Campuses

Power Conversion System Operation Algorithm for Efficient Energy Management of Microgrids

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