Optimal defense theory explains deviations from latitudinal herbivory defense hypothesis

Kooyers, Nicholas J.; Blackman, Benjamin K.; Holeski, Liza M.

doi:10.1002/ecy.1731

Cited by 49 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, annual plants may allocate fewer resources to defence and more resources towards rapid development and reproduction than perennial plants, even if herbivore pressure is equal (Kooyers et al, 2017). In accordance with these expectations, recent work has shown that perennial plants have higher levels of defences (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plants are more likely to be spiny at mid‐elevations in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, south‐western China

Song

Sun

Lev‐Yadun

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim:We tested the elevational herbivory defence hypothesis, which predicts that plants from low elevations are better defended than plants from higher elevations. Location:The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in south-western China-the world's highest plateau. Taxon: Angiosperms.Methods: We collated binary spinescence data for 10,622 angiosperm species ranging from 600 to 6,000 m a.s.l. Logistic regression was used to quantify the elevational pattern in spinescence. Because spinescence is thought to be especially effective against mammalian herbivores, we also quantified the association between spinescence and mammalian herbivore richness. Results:We found a unimodal relationship between elevation and spinescence, with the highest proportion of spinescent species occurring at mid-elevations. This unimodal relationship was present in perennial herbs, shrubs and trees, but not in annual herbs. Herbivorous mammal richness also showed a unimodal elevational pattern. A positive association between herbivorous mammal richness and the incidence of spinescent species suggests that elevational variation in herbivore pressure from mammals might drive elevational variation in spinescence. Main Conclusions:Our findings further call into question the elevational herbivory defence hypothesis and shed new light on the potential causes of elevational gradients in plant diversity. K E Y W O R D Selevation, physical defence, plant defence, plant-herbivore interaction, prickle, spine, thorn

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…A number of studies have found higher levels of defence at lower latitudes and lower elevations (e.g. Kooyers, Blackman, & Holeski, 2017;Moreira, Petry, Mooney, Rasmann, & Abdala-Roberts, 2018). However, many other studies report null results (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants are more likely to be spiny at mid‐elevations in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, south‐western China

Song

Sun

Lev‐Yadun

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…HPLC run conditions, were conducted as described in Kooyers et al. (). We calculated concentrations of PPGs as verbascoside equivalents, using a standard verbascoside solution (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, Texas), as described in Holeski et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Kooyers et al. ). To test this hypothesis, we compared the concentrations of PPGs between NILs containing coastal perennial and inland annual orientations of the DIV1 inversion.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This pattern could be driven by plants having more time to allocate resources to leaf production and defense, greater herbivore pressure in habitats with longer growing seasons, and/or a greater apparency of plants with longer growing seasons (Feeny ; Mason and Donovan ; Hahn and Maron ; Kooyers et al. ). Another important factor to consider is allocation to reproduction (fecundity), which frequently trades off with constitutive and/or induced herbivore resistance (Agren and Schemske ; Heil and Baldwin ; Strauss et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanisms of a locally adaptive shift in allocation among growth, reproduction, and herbivore resistance in Mimulus guttatus *

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental gradients can drive adaptive evolutionary shifts in plant resource allocation among growth, reproduction, and herbivore resistance. However, few studies have attempted to connect these adaptations to underlying physiological and genetic mechanisms. Here, we evaluate potential mechanisms responsible for a coordinated locally adaptive shift between growth, reproduction, and herbivore defense in the yellow monkeyflower, Mimulus guttatus. Through manipulative laboratory experiments, we found that gibberellin (GA) growth hormones may play a role in the developmental divergence between perennial and annual ecotypes of M. guttatus. Further, we detected an interaction between a locally adaptive chromosomal inversion, DIV1, and GA addition. This finding is consistent with the inversion contributing to the evolutionary divergence between inland annual and coastal perennial ecotypes by reducing GA biosynthesis/activity in perennials. Finally, we found evidence that the DIV1 inversion is partially responsible for a coordinated shift in the divergence of growth, reproduction, and herbivore resistance traits between coastal perennial and inland annual M. guttatus. The inversion has already been established to have a substantial impact on the life‐history shift between long‐term growth and rapid reproduction. Here, we demonstrate that the DIV1 inversion also has sizable impacts on both the total abundance and composition of phytochemical compounds involved in herbivore resistance.

show abstract

Contrasting environmental factors drive local adaptation at opposite ends of an environmental gradient in the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus)

Popovic

Lowry

2020

American J of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Premise Identifying the environmental factors responsible for natural selection across different habitats is crucial for understanding the process of local adaptation in plants. Despite its importance, few studies have successfully isolated the environmental factors driving local adaptation in nature. In this study, we evaluated the agents of selection responsible for local adaptation of the monkeyflower Mimulus guttatus to California's coastal and inland habitats. Methods We implemented a manipulative reciprocal transplant experiment at coastal and inland sites, where we excluded aboveground stressors in an effort to elucidate their role in the evolution of local adaptation. Results Excluding aboveground stressors, most likely a combination of salt spray and herbivory, completely rescued inland annual plant fitness when transplanted to coastal habitat. The exclosures in inland habitat provided a benefit to the performance of coastal perennial plants. However, the exclosures are unlikely to provide much fitness benefit to the coastal plants at the inland site because of their general inability to flower in time to escape from the summer drought. Conclusions Our study demonstrates that a distinct set of selective agents (aboveground vs. belowground) are responsible for local adaptation at opposite ends of an environmental gradient.

show abstract

Optimal defense theory explains deviations from latitudinal herbivory defense hypothesis

Cited by 49 publications

References 64 publications

Plants are more likely to be spiny at mid‐elevations in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, south‐western China

Plants are more likely to be spiny at mid‐elevations in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau, south‐western China

Mechanisms of a locally adaptive shift in allocation among growth, reproduction, and herbivore resistance in Mimulus guttatus *

Contrasting environmental factors drive local adaptation at opposite ends of an environmental gradient in the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About