Aiming at the characteristics of low observation accuracy and high chattering of traditional sliding mode observers (SMO), a new SMO is proposed to reduce chattering and improve accuracy. In PMSM vector control, PI control has the problems of poor anti-disturbance ability and speed pulsation, while the traditional sliding mode control (SMC) has the problem of serious chattering, Therefore, on this basis, an SMC based on the new reaching law is designed, and the simulation is carried out in Matlab/ Simulink. The simulation results show that the improved SMO has better performance and stronger stability than the traditional SMO. At the same time, compared with the traditional SMC and PI control, the SMC based on the new reaching law can make it respond well when the motor target speed changes suddenly, and effectively improve the problem of traditional SMC chattering, The control accuracy and steady-state error of the PMSM system are improved.