“…Then, the ordinary differential equations can be solved by Eqs. (5), (9), (10) or (3), (11), (12), along with the second order Runge-Kutta method. Other parameters, such as pressure, temperature, enthalpy etc., are calculated through specific volume v and internal energy u by the software REFPROP.…”
Section: Solution Proceduresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The previous studies on the CO 2 refrigeration systems mainly focused on the transcritical cycle [6][7][8][9][10] and cascade refrigeration systems [11][12][13][14], while open refrigeration systems are less reported. Yan developed an open refrigeration system in a refrigeration lorry [3,15] without considering the effect of storage environment of carbon dioxide on the refrigeration performance and the refrigeration capacity loss.…”
“…Then, the ordinary differential equations can be solved by Eqs. (5), (9), (10) or (3), (11), (12), along with the second order Runge-Kutta method. Other parameters, such as pressure, temperature, enthalpy etc., are calculated through specific volume v and internal energy u by the software REFPROP.…”
Section: Solution Proceduresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The previous studies on the CO 2 refrigeration systems mainly focused on the transcritical cycle [6][7][8][9][10] and cascade refrigeration systems [11][12][13][14], while open refrigeration systems are less reported. Yan developed an open refrigeration system in a refrigeration lorry [3,15] without considering the effect of storage environment of carbon dioxide on the refrigeration performance and the refrigeration capacity loss.…”
“…As a result, the optimum circuit length is much bigger for the gas cooler than intercooler. 42 Summarily, it is very important to choose a more effective heat exchanger for the improvement of energy recovery.…”
Section: Strategy On Improving System Revenuementioning
The inverse Brayton cycle is a potential technology for waste heat energy recovery. It consists of three components: one turbine, one heat exchanger, and one compressor. The exhaust gas is further expanded to subatmospheric pressure in the turbine, and then cooled in the heat exchanger, last compressed in the compressor into the atmosphere. The process above is the reverse of the pressurized Brayton cycle. This work has presented the strategy on performance improvement of the inverse Brayton cycle system for energy recovery in turbocharged diesel engines, which has pointed the way to the future development of the inverse Brayton cycle system. In the paper, an experiment was presented to validate the numerical model of a 2.0 l turbocharged diesel engine. Meanwhile, the influence laws of the inverse Brayton cycle system critical parameters, including turbocharger speed and efficiencies, and heat exchanger efficiency, on the system performance improvement for energy recovery are explored at various engine operations. The results have shown that the engine exhaust energy recovery efficiency increases with the engine speed up, and it has a maximum increment of 6.1% at the engine speed of 4000 r/min (the engine rated power point) and the full load. At the moment, the absolute pressure was before final compression is 51.9 kPa. For the inverse Brayton cycle system development in the future, it is essential to choose a more effective heat exchanger. Moreover, variable geometry turbines are very appropriate to achieve a proper matching between the turbocharging system and the inverse Brayton cycle system.
“…In the CO 2 transcritical refrigeration system, the condenser is substituted by the gas cooler, where the carbon dioxide is cooled without any phase change process. Several studies carried out on this refrigeration system have led to the conclusion that the gas cooler is the component most affected by the unsteadiness in the thermophysical properties and the heat transfer when the system operating conditions are variable (Yoon et al, 2003;Li, 2013;Ge et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2017). These variations are much more pronounced when the system is in a transient state (Ituna-Yudonago and Belman-Flores, 2015).…”
Modelado de la biodegradación en biorreactores de lodos de hidrocarburos totales del petróleo intemperizados en suelos y sedimentos (Biodegradation modeling of sludge bioreactors of total petroleum hydrocarbons weathering in soil and sediments)
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