Optimal Allocation of Gas Resources to Different Consumption Sectors Using Multi-Objective Goal Programming

Abstract

Natural gas is a main source of energy in Iran, and optimal allocation to different sectors is crucial, based on realities, geopolitical considerations, and national security concerns. In this paper, a multi-objective goal programming model is developed to study the optimal allocation of this resource to various consumption sectors, including household business, industry, petrochemical industry, power plants, injection to oil fields, and export from Iran for the horizon of 2025. In this research, the energy security index is prioritized over other indicators. Two objective functions are considered: the first is maximizing the energy security index (minimizing the cost of energy security), and the second is minimizing the relative weight of different consumption sectors. The goal share of the various gas sectors, the amount of consumption of the various consumption sectors, and the allocatable and predicted amount for each year is calculated. Household business, power plants, petrochemical industries, industry, and export aid injection to oil fields are the most consuming sectors in 2025, respectively. Also, based on cost minimization, power plants, petrochemical industries, and industries in general are the more consuming sectors, respectively.

The Design of a Multi-Period and Multi-Echelon Perishable Goods Supply Network under Uncertainty

“…In recent years, many researchers have focused on the field of supply chains [9,18,32]. The purpose of anyone active in the supply chain is to increase competitiveness or increase customer service [33].…”

“…There have been different divisions of the study on reducing costs, and in some studies, this goal has even been replaced by maximizing profits by focusing on the difference between income and expenses. The cost variables include the costs of establishing a place for production [35] and a place for distribution [36], determining a location for retail [35], transportation costs [37], raw material costs [9], ordering costs [10], production costs [38], delayed payment penalties [38], cost of lost orders [39], inventory maintenance cost [37], cost of returned perishable goods [38], shipping costs for returned goods, and environmental costs.…”

“…Constraint (8) shows that the value of raw material transferred from the supplier to the producer must be equal to the value of raw material needed to make the entire product so that we do not face a shortage of raw materials. According to constraint (9), the product's value moved from the manufacturer to the retailer must be equal to the value of goods moved from the distributor to the customer so that we do not suffer from shortages. Constraint (10) show that the value of the goods from the retailer to the consumer is equal to the market demand.…”

“…In this supply chain, the manufacturer creates new goods and sends them to a consumer, and then the retailers purchase the goods and send them to the customers [8]. As the product is perishable, both quality and quantity may be reduced during the distribution process [9].…”

An Integrated Approach for Evaluating Lean Innovation Practices in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain

“…The fundamental meaning of gray is used in the incompleteness of information [65]. From the perspective of information, any system lacking information such as communication structure, performance mechanism, and behavioral characteristics is seen as a gray system.…”