Optimal Adaptive Gain LQR-based Energy Management Strategy for Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Power System

Ferahtia, Seydali; Djerioui, Ali; Mesbahi, Tedjani; Houari, Azeddine; Zeghlache, Samir; Rezk, Hegazi; Paul, Théophile

doi:10.20944/preprints202101.0371.v1

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…The presented method is based on DC bus regulation through supercapacitor energy, and a PI controller is used to reduce the fluctuations in the DC bus voltage. The energy management strategy relies on the optimal control for a battery-supercapacitor in HGS, and is targeted to define the adaptive gains to state the reference power for the battery and the supercapacitor by using the slap swarm algorithm and load following control technique [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive coordination control strategy of renewable energy sources, hydrogen production unit, and fuel cell for frequency regulation of a hybrid distributed power system

Salama

Magdy

Bakeer

et al. 2022

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

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Owing to the significant number of hybrid generation systems (HGSs) containing various energy sources, coordination between these sources plays a vital role in preserving frequency stability. In this paper, an adaptive coordination control strategy for renewable energy sources (RESs), an aqua electrolyzer (AE) for hydrogen production, and a fuel cell (FC)-based energy storage system (ESS) is proposed to enhance the frequency stability of an HGS. In the proposed system, the excess energy from RESs is used to power electrolysis via an AE for hydrogen energy storage in FCs. The proposed method is based on a proportional-integral (PI) controller, which is optimally designed using a grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm to estimate the surplus energy from RESs (i.e., a proportion of total power generation of RESs: Kn). The studied HGS contains various types of generation systems including a diesel generator, wind turbines, photovoltaic (PV) systems, AE with FCs, and ESSs (e.g., battery and flywheel). The proposed method varies Kn with varying frequency deviation values to obtain the best benefits from RESs, while damping the frequency fluctuations. The proposed method is validated by considering different loading conditions and comparing with other existing studies that consider Kn as a constant value. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method, which changes Kn value and subsequently stores the power extracted from the RESs in hydrogen energy storage according to frequency deviation changes, performs better than those that use constant Kn. The statistical analysis for frequency deviation of HGS with the proposed method has the best values and achieves large improvements for minimum, maximum, difference between maximum and minimum, mean, and standard deviation compared to the existing method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive coordination control strategy of renewable energy sources, hydrogen production unit, and fuel cell for frequency regulation of a hybrid distributed power system

Salama

Magdy

Bakeer

et al. 2022

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Exact Feedback Linearization of a Multi-Variable Controller for a Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter as Interface of an Energy Storage System

2022

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DC microgrids have shown to be a good approach for better accommodating stochastic renewable energy sources (RES) and for the charging of electric vehicles (EVs) at the distribution level. For this, fast-acting energy storage units (ESSs) are essential. This requires that both the bi-directional power converter topology and the control scheme present the right set of features. The ESS discussed in this paper consists of a new DC-DC converter based on a tapped inductor (TI) for a higher voltage gain at moderate duty cycles. The direction of the current in its intermediate inductor does not need to be reversed for power flow reversal, leading to a faster action. Moreover, it can employ a multi-state and multi-variable modulation scheme that eliminates the right half-plane (RHP) zero, common in boost-type converters. In order to achieve good dynamic performance across a wide range of operating points, a control scheme based on feedback linearization is developed. This paper presents the modeling of the five-switch DC-DC converter operating in the tri-state buck–boost mode. A systematic approach for deriving control laws for the TI current and output voltage based on exact state feedback linearization is discussed. The performance of the proposed control scheme is verified by simulation for a supercapacitor (SC)-based ESS. It is compared to that of a conventional control scheme for a dual-state buck–boost mode with cascaded PI controllers designed based on small-signal models. The results show that both control schemes work similarly well at the operating point that the conventional control scheme was designed for. However, only the proposed scheme allows the SC-based ESS to control the current injected into the DC microgrid with the voltage of the SC varying between the expected range of rated to half-rated.

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Frequency Fluctuation Mitigation in a Single-Area Power System Using LQR-Based Proportional Damping Compensator

et al. 2023

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To maintain the stability of the power system, frequency fluctuations must be reduced in the shortest possible timeframe. Load frequency control (LFC) plays a critical role in achieving this objective by regulating the system frequency and the desired demand or output power in an interconnected network, thereby enabling the system to adapt the load disturbances. In order to effectively mitigate the frequency fluctuation caused by load variation in a single-area power system, a new control strategy integrating a linear quadratic regulator (LQR), a proportional controller, and a damping compensator is proposed in this paper. The proposed controller is named as the LQR-based proportional damping compensator which mitigates the frequency fluctuation of a single-area power system. MATLAB/Simulink simulation is conducted on a single-area power system to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control technique. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method successfully reduces frequency variations, maintains system frequency within reasonable limits, and substantially reduces the settling time as compared to other existing control techniques. Apart from the simulation analysis, to experimentally validate the performance of the proposed controller, a hybrid multiprocessor-based processor-in-loop (PIL) technique is also introduced in the paper. Both the simulation and experimental results prove the promising performance of the proposed controller for mitigating the frequency fluctuation of a single-area power system.

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Optimal Adaptive Gain LQR-based Energy Management Strategy for Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Power System

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Adaptive coordination control strategy of renewable energy sources, hydrogen production unit, and fuel cell for frequency regulation of a hybrid distributed power system

Adaptive coordination control strategy of renewable energy sources, hydrogen production unit, and fuel cell for frequency regulation of a hybrid distributed power system

Exact Feedback Linearization of a Multi-Variable Controller for a Bi-Directional DC-DC Converter as Interface of an Energy Storage System

Frequency Fluctuation Mitigation in a Single-Area Power System Using LQR-Based Proportional Damping Compensator

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