Optically-Thin Broadband Graphene-Membrane Photodetector

Moein, Tania; Gailevičius, Darius; Katkus, Tomas; Ng, Soon Hock; Lundgaard, Stefan; Moss, David J.; Kurt, Hamza; Mizeikis, Vygantas; Staliūnas, Kęstutis; Malinauskas, Mangirdas; Juodkazis, Saulius

doi:10.3390/nano10030407

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Furthermore, we characterize the variation in n2 of PdSe2 with laser intensity, finding that n2 initially increases (decreasing in absolute magnitude) with incident laser intensity and then saturates at higher intensities. Our results verify PdSe2 as a promising 2D material with prominent nonlinear optical properties similar to graphene oxide [46][47][48][49], and potentially even for mid IR applications on platforms such as Si-Ge [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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High Optical Kerr Nonlinearity of PdSe2 Di-chalcogenide 2D Films for Nonlinear Photonic Chips

Moss¹,

Wu²,

Jia³

2021

Preprint

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As a novel layered noble metal dichalcogenide material, palladium diselenide (PdSe2) has attracted wide interest due to its excellent optical and electronic properties. In this work, a strong third-order nonlinear optical response of 2D PdSe2 films is reported. We conduct both open-aperture (OA) and closed-aperture (CA) Z-scan measurements with a femtosecond pulsed laser at 800 nm to investigate the nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction, respectively. In the OA experiment, we observe optical limiting behaviour originating from large two photo absorption (TPA) in the PdSe2 film of β = 3.26 ×10− 8 m/W. In the CA experiment, we measure a peak-valley response corresponding to a large and negative Kerr nonlinearity of n2 = -1.33×10− 15 m2/W – two orders of magnitude larger than bulk silicon. In addition, the variation of n2 as a function of laser intensity is also characterized, with n2 decreasing in magnitude when increasing incident laser intensity, becoming saturated at n2 = -9.96×10− 16 m2/W at high intensities. Our results show that the extraordinary third-order nonlinear optical properties of PdSe2 have strong potential for high-performance nonlinear photonic devices.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Our results verify PdSe 2 as a promising 2D material with prominent nonlinear optical properties similar to graphene oxide [46][47][48][49], and potentially even for mid IR applications on platforms such as Si-Ge [50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57].…”

Section: Z-scan Measurementssupporting

confidence: 68%

High Optical Kerr Nonlinearity of PdSe2 Di-chalcogenide 2D Films for Nonlinear Photonic Chips

Moss¹,

Wu²,

Jia³

2021

Preprint

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“…As the pump power was increased, the measured CE increased linearly with no obvious saturation for the bare SiN waveguide and all the hybrid waveguides, indicating the low TPA of both the SiN waveguides and the GO films. For the bare waveguide, the dependence of CE versus pump power shows a nearly linear relationship, with a slope rate of about 2 for the curve as expected from classical FWM theory [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. For the GOcoated waveguides, the measured CE curves have shown slight deviations from the linear relationship with a slope rate of 2, particularly at high light powers.…”

Section: Enhanced Fwm In Go-coated Sin Waveguidessupporting

confidence: 63%

High third-order optical nonlinear performance in CMOS devices integrated with 2D graphene oxide films

Moss

zhang

2021

Preprint

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We report enhanced nonlinear optics in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible photonic platforms through the use of layered two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films. We integrate GO films with silicon-on-insulator nanowires (SOI), high index doped silica glass (Hydex) and silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides and ring resonators, to demonstrate an enhanced optical nonlinearity including Kerr nonlinearity and four-wave mixing (FWM). The GO films are integrated using a large-area, transfer-free, layer-by-layer method while the film placement and size are controlled by photolithography. In SOI nanowires we observe a dramatic enhancement in both the Kerr nonlinearity and nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) due to the highly nonlinear GO films. Self-phase modulation (SPM) measurements show significant spectral broadening enhancement for SOI nanowires coated with patterned films of GO. The dependence of GO’s Kerr nonlinearity on layer number and pulse energy shows trends of the layered GO films from 2D to quasi bulk-like behavior. The nonlinear parameter of GO coated SOI nanowires is increased 16 folds, with the nonlinear FOM increasing over 20 times to FOM > 5. We also observe an improved FWM efficiency in SiN waveguides integrated with 2D layered GO films. FWM measurements for samples with different numbers of GO layers and at different pump powers are performed, achieving up to ≈ 7.3 dB conversion efficiency (CE) enhancement for a uniformly coated device with 1 layer of GO and ≈ 9.1 dB for a patterned device with 5 layers of GO. These results reveal the strong potential of GO films to improve the nonlinear optics of silicon, Hydex and SiN photonic devices.

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“…Besides increasing the quantum efficiency enhancement of photodetectors and being building blocks for various types of resonant cavities including tailorable ones, photonic crystal nanomembranes serve as a basis for the detectors themselves as their function-enabling part. Moein et al described a photodetector with an optically thin broadband graphene-monolayer on silicon nitride nanomembrane [ 77 ]. In their recent book chapter, Kim et al described high-performance flexible photodetectors based on silicon, germanium, and III–V compound semiconductor nanomembranes [ 78 ].…”

Section: Photonic Crystals Based On Nanomembranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Inspired Nanomembranes as Building Blocks for Nanophotonics, Plasmonics and Metamaterials

2022

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Nanomembranes are the most widespread building block of life, as they encompass cell and organelle walls. Their synthetic counterparts can be described as freestanding or free-floating structures thinner than 100 nm, down to monatomic/monomolecular thickness and with giant lateral aspect ratios. The structural confinement to quasi-2D sheets causes a multitude of unexpected and often counterintuitive properties. This has resulted in synthetic nanomembranes transiting from a mere scientific curiosity to a position where novel applications are emerging at an ever-accelerating pace. Among wide fields where their use has proven itself most fruitful are nano-optics and nanophotonics. However, the authors are unaware of a review covering the nanomembrane use in these important fields. Here, we present an attempt to survey the state of the art of nanomembranes in nanophotonics, including photonic crystals, plasmonics, metasurfaces, and nanoantennas, with an accent on some advancements that appeared within the last few years. Unlimited by the Nature toolbox, we can utilize a practically infinite number of available materials and methods and reach numerous properties not met in biological membranes. Thus, nanomembranes in nano-optics can be described as real metastructures, exceeding the known materials and opening pathways to a wide variety of novel functionalities.

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Optically-Thin Broadband Graphene-Membrane Photodetector

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

High Optical Kerr Nonlinearity of PdSe2 Di-chalcogenide 2D Films for Nonlinear Photonic Chips

High Optical Kerr Nonlinearity of PdSe2 Di-chalcogenide 2D Films for Nonlinear Photonic Chips

High third-order optical nonlinear performance in CMOS devices integrated with 2D graphene oxide films

Bio-Inspired Nanomembranes as Building Blocks for Nanophotonics, Plasmonics and Metamaterials

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