Optically stimulated luminescence dating of the city wall system of ancient Tayma (NW Saudi Arabia)

Klasen, Nicole; Engel, Max; Brückner, Helmut; Hausleiter, Arnulf; Intilia, Andrea; Eichmann, Ricardo; Al-Najem, Mohammed; Al-Said, Said F.

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.03.018

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…When arid conditions returned at the end of the AHP, c .5–6 ka BP, a decline in human populations and a shift in subsistence strategies towards sedentary horticulture or coastal resources is reflected in both the archaeological record (Gebel, 2016; Hoyland, 2001; Magee, 2014b; Uerpmann, 2002) and a dearth of rock art creation (Khan, 2007). In the Bronze Age, human activity in north‐western Arabia included irrigation agriculture beginning c .4000 BP, as shown by the construction of the walled city of Tayma with its associated hydraulic structures (Klasen et al, 2011; Magee, 2014a). Rock art from this period includes humans wearing lunate pommel‐handled daggers as diagnostic feature (Newton & Zarins, 2000).…”

Section: Background: Study Region Climate and Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometric studies on the petroglyphs and rock varnish at Kilwa and Sakaka, northern Saudi Arabia

Alamri

Andreae

Guagnin

et al. 2020

Arab Archaeol Epigr

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Rock art, one of the most ancient forms of human artistic expression that has been preserved over the ages since its creation, can give us a window into the minds and lives of our human ancestors. The oldest rock art dates from the Upper Palaeolithic, exemplified by the famous cave paintings in France and Spain, where minimum ages of 41 ka BP (before present) have been documented (Pike et al., 2012), as well as those in the Indonesian archipelago, with minimum ages of 44 ka (Aubert et al., 2019). These images were produced by applying pigments to rock surfaces, creating socalled pictographs, which can be dated either by radiocarbon measurements of the charcoal pigment used or by uranium-series dating of the speleothems that cover the images. Here we focus on another type of rock art: petroglyphs, which are produced by removing dark crusts, so-called rock varnish, from rock surfaces and exposing the lighter coloured host rock underneath. Petroglyphs are found on all continents inhabited by humans (e.g.

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Section: Background: Study Region Climate and Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeometric studies on the petroglyphs and rock varnish at Kilwa and Sakaka, northern Saudi Arabia

Alamri

Andreae

Guagnin

et al. 2020

Arab Archaeol Epigr

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“…If not stated in the publication, the following parameters were used to facilitate comparison: conversion factors -Adamiec and Aitken (1998), no Rb calculation from K, grain size attenuation for Ḋ α and Ḋ β - Bell (1980) and Mejdahl (1979) respectively, etch depth -9 μm, etch depth attenuation - Bell, 1979, a-value either 0.086 ± 0.0043, 0.035 ± 0.001 (Rees-Jones and Tite, 1997) or 0.15 ± 0.015 (Balescu and Lamothe, 1994) dependent on mineral and grain-size, overburden density -2.0 ± 0.1 g.cm −3 , latitude, longitude and altitude estimated from Google Earth. The studies used for the DRAC comparison: Alappat et al, 2011, Bates et al, 2003, Breman et al, 2003and Clark-Balzan et al, 2012, Davidovich et al, 2012,Demeter et al, 2012, Haberzettl et al, 2009, Halfen et al, 2010, Hall et al, 2010, Houben et al, 2013, Kaiser et al, 2009, Kars et al, 2012, Kels et al, 2014, Klasen et al, 2011, Kock et al, 2009, Le Dortz et al, 2009,Lepper et al, 2013, Lomax et al, 2014, Madsen et al, 2009, Roskosch et al, 2012, Schatz et al, 2012, Schmidt et al, 2014,Schokker et al, 2005and Stevens et al, 2011Tamura et al, 2011, Thiel et al, 2011, Xu et al, 2010and Yang et al, 2010…”

Section: Drac Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

DRAC: Dose Rate and Age Calculator for trapped charge dating

Durcan

King

Duller

2015

Quaternary Geochronology

570

260

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Accurate calculation of the environmental radiation dose rate (D?) is an essential part of trapped charge dating methods, such as luminescence and electron spin resonance dating. Although the calculation of D? is not mathematically complex, the incorporation of multiple variables and the propagation of uncertainties can be challenging. The Dose Rate and Age Calculator (DRAC) is an open access, web-based program which enables rapid D? calculation for trapped charge dating applications. Users can select from recently published attenuation and conversion factors to make mathematically robust, reproducible D? calculations. Comparison of DRAC calculated D? values against the published D? determinations of 422 samples from 32 studies results in a reproducibility ratio of 1.01?0.05. It is anticipated that DRAC will facilitate easier inter-laboratory comparisons and will provide greater transparency for D? calculations. DRAC will be updated to reflect the latest advances in D? calculation and is freely accessible at www.aber.ac.uk/alrl/drac. The code for DRAC is available from github at https://github.com/DRAC-calculator/DRAC-calculator. ?Embargo until 31/03/2017preprintPeer reviewe

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“…Tayma, another relevant archaeological site, is located at a little more than 200 km southeast of Tabuk (Eichmann et al 2006). OSL and 14 C analyses proved that the site dates to the 3 rd millennium BCE (Engel et al 2009); according to Engel et al (2009), the architectural vestiges of the walls of the city were completed at the beginning of the 2 nd millennium BCE with the most ancient parts most probably dating back to the half of the 3 rd millennium BCE (Klasen et al 2011). The research by Wellbrock et al (2011) investigated the climatic variations in the area from the Holocene to the present days.…”

Section: The Arabian Gulf Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioarchaeology-related studies in the Arabian Gulf: potentialities and shortcomings

Baldoni¹,

Al-Hashmi²,

Bianchi³

et al. 2021

homo

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Archaeological studies provide a powerful tool to understand the prehistoric societies, especially when combined to cutting-edge morphological and molecular anthropological analyses, allowing reconstructing past population dynamics, admixture events, and socio-cultural changes. Despite the advances achieved in the last decades by archaeological studies worldwide, several regions of the World have been spared from this scientific improvement due to various reasons. The Arabian Gulf represents a unique ground to investigate, being the passageway for human migrations and one of the hypothesized areas in which Neanderthal introgression occurred. A number of archaeological sites are currently present in the Arabian Gulf and have witnessed the antiquity and the intensiveness of the human settlements in the region. Nevertheless, the archaeological and anthropological investigation in the Gulf is still in its infancy. Data collected through archaeological studies in the area have the potential to help answering adamant questions of human history from the beginning of the structuring of genetic diversity in human species to the Neolithisation process. This review aims at providing an overview of the archaeological studies in the Arabian Gulf with special focus to Qatar, highlighting potentialities and shortcomings.

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Optically stimulated luminescence dating of the city wall system of ancient Tayma (NW Saudi Arabia)

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Archaeometric studies on the petroglyphs and rock varnish at Kilwa and Sakaka, northern Saudi Arabia

Archaeometric studies on the petroglyphs and rock varnish at Kilwa and Sakaka, northern Saudi Arabia

DRAC: Dose Rate and Age Calculator for trapped charge dating

Bioarchaeology-related studies in the Arabian Gulf: potentialities and shortcomings

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