Optical thermometry based on anomalous temperature-dependent 1.53 μm infrared luminescence of Er3+ in BaMoO4: Er3+/Yb3+ phosphor

Lei, Ruoshan; Liu, Xin; Huang, Feifei; Deng, Degang; Zhao, Shilong; Xu, Hui; Xu, Shiqing

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2018.10.024

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…That is to say, except for the lowest Stark sublevel, the remaining Stark components are regarded as a whole. Thereby, in accordance with Boltzmann distribution law, the strongest emission α located at 1540 nm should belong to the transition from the lowest Stark sublevel of 4 I 13/2 to the lowest Stark sublevel of 4 I 15/2 , namely 4 I 13/2(1) → 4 I 15/2(1) 39. Meanwhile, compared with transition α, the emission intensities of the…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…40 As listed in Figure 5 and Table S1, the present BaY 2 O 4 : Yb 3+ /Er 3+ exhibits much larger sensitivity than the other Er 3+ : 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition based optical thermometers reported previously, especially for FIR 3 thermometer. 39,47 Meanwhile, although the highest S value belongs to Er 3+ : 2 H 11/2 / 4 S 3/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition based sensor working in the visible range, FIR 3 in this work owns the best performance for temperature measurement among the sensors working in the biological windows. What's more, the optimal working zone of FIR 3 perfectly locates in the physiological temperature region as depicted in Figure 4E.…”

Section: Optical Thermometrymentioning

confidence: 82%

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Ultrasensitive optical thermometer based on abnormal thermal quenching Stark transitions operating beyond 1500 nm

et al. 2021

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Light with wavelength longer than 1500 nm has great potential to afford deep biotissue penetration due to its extremely weak photon scattering and undetectable autofluorescence in vivo. Here, in order to satisfy the requirements for thermometry during the tumor hyperthermia process, an ultrasensitive optical thermometer operating beyond 1500 nm is developed by employing the thermally coupled Stark sublevels of Er 3+ : 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition based on fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technology in Yb 3+ and Er 3+ codoped BaY 2 O 4 . Compared with the typical upconversion (UC) material β-NaYF 4 : Yb 3+ /Er 3+ and Y 2 O 3 : Yb 3+ /Er 3+ , BaY 2 O 4 : Yb 3+ /Er 3+shows more intense red Er 3+ : 4 F 9/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition and 1.5 μm near-infrared (NIR) Er 3+ : 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition induced by its larger phonon energy and higher quenching concentration of Er 3+ . An equivalent four-level model is proposed to investigate the temperature characteristics of the NIR emission, from which four Stark transitions are separated from the raw spectra, named α, β, γ, and δ respectively. Then, the NIR thermal sensing performance have been developed by utilizing the FIR of I β to I α and I γ to I α . More importantly, an ultra-high sensitivity for optical thermometry has been obtained through the combination of transition β and γ, especially in the physiological temperature region. Furthermore, the detection depth of NIR light in bio-tissues is assessed by an ex vivo test, demonstrating that the maximal detection depth of NIR emission can reach to 8 mm without any influence on optical thermometry. These findings indicate that Yb 3+ and Er 3+ codoped BaY 2 O 4 is a remarkable contender for optical thermometry in deep tissue with ultra-high sensitivity. K E Y W O R D S1.5 μm emission, energy transfer, Stark sublevel, temperature sensing, upconversion | 5785 XIANG et Al.

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confidence: 62%

Section: Optical Thermometrymentioning

confidence: 82%

Ultrasensitive optical thermometer based on abnormal thermal quenching Stark transitions operating beyond 1500 nm

et al. 2021

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“…However, utilizing fluorescence lifetime or intensity to determine temperature is strongly dependent on excitation source, optoelectronic system, background noise, and other factors, resulting in difficulties to guarantee precision and repeatability for temperature measurement. Alternatively, the optical thermometer based on FIR technology between two thermally coupled energy levels is regarded as a promising approach for temperature determination, due to its excellent antijamming capability and high detection precision as well as the rapid response ability …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-Tissue Temperature Sensing Realized in BaY₂O₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Extremely Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence

et al. 2020

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In this paper, BaY 2 O 4 :Yb 3+ /Er 3+ , a high efficient red upconversion (UC) material, is first utilized as an optical thermometer in the biological window, accomplished through the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of thermally coupled Stark sublevels of 4 F 9/2 (FIR (654/663) ). The maximum absolute sensitivity of FIR (654/663) ) is 0.19% K −1 at 298 K, which is much higher than most previous reports about FIR-based temperature sensors located in the biological windows. More importantly, the groove of FIR (654/663) for thermometry is nicely located in the physiological temperature range, indicating its potential thermometry application value in biomedicine. Furthermore, a simply ex vivo experiment is implemented to evaluate the penetration depth of the red emission in biological tissues, revealing that a detection depth of 6 mm can be achieved without any effect on the FIR values of I 654 to I 663 . Beyond that, the temperature sensing behaviors of the thermally coupled levels 2 H 11/2 and 4 S 3/2 (FIR (523/550) ) are also investigated in detail. In the studied temperature range, the absolute sensitivity of FIR (523/550) monotonously increases with the rising temperature and reaches its maximum value 0.31% K −1 at 573 K. All the results imply that BaY 2 O 4 :Yb 3+ /Er 3+ is a promising candidate for deep-tissue optical thermometry with high sensitivity.

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“…At present, the research hotspot about optical thermometry mainly focuses on fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technology utilizing pairs of thermally coupled energy levels in rare‐earth ions . More specifically, the two thermally coupled energy levels used in FIR technology are closely separated, so the upper level can be populated from the lower level by a thermal excitation process at higher temperature . In this case, the FIR of the two thermally coupled levels can be fitted well by Boltzmann equation and then the temperature measurement can be realized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16][17][18][19] More specifically, the two thermally coupled energy levels used in FIR technology are closely separated, so the upper level can be populated from the lower level by a thermal excitation process at higher temperature. 20 In this case, the FIR of the two thermally coupled levels can be fitted well by Boltzmann equation and then the temperature measurement can be realized. There are a series of thermally coupled energy levels existing in rare-earth ions, such as Er 3+ : 2 H 11/2 / 4 S 3/2 levels, Tm 3+ : 3 F 2,3 / 3 H 4 levels, Eu 3+ : 5 D 0 / 5 D 1 levels, etc [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In this paper, CaO-Y 2 O 3 : Yb 3+ /Er 3+ were synthesized using a conventional high temperature solid state method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional optical thermometry based on the stark sublevels of Er³⁺ in CaO‐Y₂O₃: Yb³⁺/Er³⁺

et al. 2019

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A conventional high temperature solid state method was utilized to prepare CaO-Y 2 O 3 , which is a potential candidate for manufacturing crucible material to melt titanium and titanium alloys with low cost. Meanwhile, Yb 3+ ions and Er 3+ ions were selected as the sensitizers and activators respectively to dope into CaO-Y 2 O 3 , aimed at providing real-time optical thermometry during the preparation process of titanium alloys realized using fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technology. The results reveal that a high measurement precision can be acquired by using the Stark sublevels of Er 3+ 4 F 9/2 to measure the temperature with a maximum absolute error of only about 3 K. In addition, by analyzing the dependence of 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition on pump power of 980 nm excitation wavelength, it was found that the laser-induced thermal effect has almost no influence on the temperature measurement conducted by using the FIR of the Stark sublevels of Er 3+ 4 I 13/2 , which means that a high excitation pump power can be used to obtain strong NIR emission and good signal-to-noise ratio for optical thermometry without the influence of the laser-induced thermal effect. All the results reveal that CaO-Y 2 O 3 : Yb 3+ /Er 3+ is an excellent temperature sensing material with high measurement precision. K E Y W O R D Sfluorescence intensity ratio, optical thermometry, upconversion, Yb 3+ /Er 3+

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Optical thermometry based on anomalous temperature-dependent 1.53 μm infrared luminescence of Er3+ in BaMoO4: Er3+/Yb3+ phosphor

Cited by 32 publications

References 40 publications

Ultrasensitive optical thermometer based on abnormal thermal quenching Stark transitions operating beyond 1500 nm

Ultrasensitive optical thermometer based on abnormal thermal quenching Stark transitions operating beyond 1500 nm

Deep-Tissue Temperature Sensing Realized in BaY₂O₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Extremely Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence

Multifunctional optical thermometry based on the stark sublevels of Er³⁺ in CaO‐Y₂O₃: Yb³⁺/Er³⁺

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Optical thermometry based on anomalous temperature-dependent 1.53 μm infrared luminescence of Er3+ in BaMoO4: Er3+/Yb3+ phosphor

Cited by 32 publications

References 40 publications

Ultrasensitive optical thermometer based on abnormal thermal quenching Stark transitions operating beyond 1500 nm

Ultrasensitive optical thermometer based on abnormal thermal quenching Stark transitions operating beyond 1500 nm

Deep-Tissue Temperature Sensing Realized in BaY2O4:Yb3+/Er3+ with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Extremely Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence

Multifunctional optical thermometry based on the stark sublevels of Er3+ in CaO‐Y2O3: Yb3+/Er3+

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Optical thermometry based on anomalous temperature-dependent 1.53 μm infrared luminescence of Er3+ in BaMoO4: Er3+/Yb3+ phosphor

Deep-Tissue Temperature Sensing Realized in BaY₂O₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Extremely Intense Red Upconversion Luminescence

Multifunctional optical thermometry based on the stark sublevels of Er³⁺ in CaO‐Y₂O₃: Yb³⁺/Er³⁺