Optical studies of energy levels in Dy(OH)<sub>3</sub>

Kahle, H. G.; Kasten, A.; Scott, P. D.; Wolf, Werner

doi:10.1088/0022-3719/19/21/018

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…3͒. Similarly, the CFP of Karmakar et al 66 for Dy͑OH͒ 3 give a much higher critical field of B x c = 9.12 T compared with B x c = 5.03 T when the CFP of Scott et al 56,60,64 are used. From the two sets of CFP for Tb͑OH͒ 3 we choose the one obtained from measurements on pure Tb͑OH͒ 3 .…”

Section: Rementioning

confidence: 89%

“…V͒. Note that the B x value at the tricritical point is ϳ4.85 T using the CFP of Scott et al 56,59,60,64 ͑main panel of Fig. 3͒.…”

Section: Numerical Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of Dy 3+ in Dy͑OH͒ 3 , the spectrum consist of eight Kramers doublets with the first excited state 7.8 cm −1 above the ground state. 60 The low-energy spectrum of Ho 3+ in Ho͑OH͒ 3 is composed of a ground-state doublet and an excited singlet state 11.1 cm −1 above. 56 Due to the strong shielding of the 4f electrons by the electrons of the filled outer electronic shells, the exchange interactions for 4f electrons is weak and the crystal field can be considered as a perturbation to the fixed J manifold.…”

Section: B Single-ion Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, a further experimental determination of accurate B n m values would need to be carried out in order to obtain more precise mean-field estimates as well as to perform quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the Re͑OH͒ 3 systems. According to our arbitrary choice, 63 if not stated otherwise, we use in the calculations the CFP provided by Scott et al 56,59,60,64 For Ho͑OH͒ 3 and Dy͑OH͒ 3 different values of CFP were proposed by Karmakar et al 65,66 As one can see in Fig. 3, for Ho͑OH͒ 3 , the latter set of CFP yields a somewhat higher mean-field critical temperature and quite a bit higher critical value of the transverse magnetic field B x c = 7.35 T compared with B x c = 4.35 T obtained using the CFP of Scott et al 56 ͑see lower inset of Fig.…”

Section: Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. In the main panel, we plot the phase diagrams for Ho͑OH͒ 3 and Dy͑OH͒ 3 using CFP of Scott et al 56,59,60,64 The top inset shows the B x vs T phase diagrams for Tb͑OH͒ 3 using two available sets of CFP. These indicate that for Tb͑OH͒ 3 , the critical field, B x ͑T͒, reaches very quickly the upper limit of magnetic fields attainable with commercial magnets.…”

Section: Numerical Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of theRE(OH)3Ising magnetic materials as possible candidates for the study of transverse-field-induced quantum phase transitions

Stasiak

Gingras

2008

Phys. Rev. B

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The LiHo x Y 1−x F 4 Ising magnetic material subject to a magnetic field perpendicular to the Ho 3+ Ising direction has shown over the past 20 years to be a host of very interesting thermodynamic and magnetic phenomena. Unfortunately, the availability of other magnetic materials other than LiHo x Y 1−x F 4 that may be described by a transverse-field Ising model remains very much limited. It is in this context that we use here a mean-field theory to investigate the suitability of the Ho͑OH͒ 3 , Dy͑OH͒ 3 , and Tb͑OH͒ 3 insulating hexagonal dipolar Ising-type ferromagnets for the study of the quantum phase transition induced by a magnetic field, B x , applied perpendicular to the Ising spin direction. Experimentally, the zero-field critical ͑Curie͒ temperatures are known to be T c Ϸ 2.54, 3.48, and 3.72 K, for Ho͑OH͒ 3 , Dy͑OH͒ 3 , and Tb͑OH͒ 3 , respectively. From our calculations we estimate the critical transverse field, B x c , to destroy ferromagnetic order at zero temperature to be B x c = 4.35, 5.03, and 54.81 T for Ho͑OH͒ 3 , Dy͑OH͒ 3 , and Tb͑OH͒ 3 , respectively. We find that Ho͑OH͒ 3 , similarly to LiHoF 4 , can be quantitatively described by an effective S =1/ 2 transverse-field Ising model. This is not the case for Dy͑OH͒ 3 due to the strong admixing between the ground doublet and first excited doublet induced by the dipolar interactions. Furthermore, we find that the paramagnetic ͑PM͒ to ferromagnetic ͑FM͒ transition in Dy͑OH͒ 3 becomes first order for strong B x and low temperatures. Hence, the PM to FM zerotemperature transition in Dy͑OH͒ 3 may be first order and not quantum critical. We investigate the effect of competing antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor exchange and applied magnetic field, B z , along the Ising spin direction ẑ on the first-order transition in Dy͑OH͒ 3 . We conclude from these preliminary calculations that Ho͑OH͒ 3 and Dy͑OH͒ 3 and their Y 3+ diamagnetically diluted variants, Ho x Y 1−x ͑OH͒ 3 and Dy x Y 1−x ͑OH͒ 3 , are potentially interesting systems to study transverse-field-induced quantum fluctuations effects in hard axis ͑Ising-type͒ magnetic materials.

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Section: Rementioning

confidence: 89%

“…V͒. Note that the B x value at the tricritical point is ϳ4.85 T using the CFP of Scott et al 56,59,60,64 ͑main panel of Fig. 3͒.…”

Section: Numerical Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Single-ion Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of theRE(OH)3Ising magnetic materials as possible candidates for the study of transverse-field-induced quantum phase transitions

Stasiak

Gingras

2008

Phys. Rev. B

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Field dependence of the hyperfine splitting of holmium in holmium hydroxide

Bunbury

Carboni²,

McCausland

1989

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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The hyperfine splitting of 1 6 5 H ~ in holmium hydroxide has been studied by spinecho NMR at liquid-helium temperatures in fields up to 8 T. The behaviour of the dipolar splitting in fields below 0.5 T confirms that the hyperfine parameters are not thermally averaged and that the NMR signals arise solely from ions in the electronic ground state. The field dependence of the hyperfine splitting is not accurately described by crystal-field parameters derived from magnetic susceptibility measurements on Ho(OH),, but is in close agreement with calculations based on parameters derived from optical spectroscopy of Ho3+ in Y(OH)3. The following quantities are derived from our measurements: spontaneous magnetisation and longitudinal susceptibility of Ho(OH), at T = 0: M O = (1.181 2 0,001) MA m-' and XI, = 0.0146 ? 0.0005; ratio of nuclear to electronic anti-shielding factors for Ho3+ in the hydroxide: yN/yE = 149 t 15. Ho(OH), 0.6255 0.3545 OS667 2.54 1.14 * 0.02 <0.025 0.13 * 0.04 Er(OH), 0.6232 0.3518 0.5645 Y(OH), 0.6241 0.3539 0.5671 Christensen et a/ (1967).After Catanese and Meissner (1973). The saturation magnetisation and susceptibilities, measured at 1.1 K, have been converted into SI units. holmium in Y(OH)3 (Bunbury et a1 1986).The lanthanide ions in the hydroxides are closely spaced along the c direction; the spacing in the basal plane is much larger (see table 1). Thus the ions belonging to alternate hexagonal planes form chains of practically contiguous neighbours: to a first approximation, we may picture the lanthanide sub-lattice in terms of one-dimensional arrays of weakly interacting but strongly anisotropic moments. The nature of the interaction between the lanthanide ions has been discussed by Wolf et a1 (1968), Cochrane et a1 (1971), Skjeltorp et a1 (1973), Catanese et a1 (1973), Catanese and Meissner (1973), Cone and Wolf (1978) and Kahle et a1 (1986). The interaction is predominantly dipolar, but there is a significant exchange term and a small electric multipolar contribution. Spontaneous magnetic order, where it occurs at all, does so only at temperatures below 4 K. Crystal-field splittings for non-S-state ions in the hydroxides are of the order of 500 K, so the inter-ionic interaction is much weaker than the crystal-field interaction.The sign of the crystal-field anisotropy in the hydroxides of terbium, dysprosium and holmium is such that the c axis is the preferred direction of magnetisation. Tb3+ and Ho3+, though non-Kramers ions, have crystal-field ground states that are magnetic doublets and so behave in a similar manner to the Kramers ion Dy3+. All three compounds have strongly uniaxial properties at low temperatures, and exhibit Ising-like ferromagnetic order in the liquid-helium range (Wolf et a1 1968, Catanese et a1 1973.In I we showed that zero-field hyperfine splitting of 1 6 5 H ~ in the ferromagnetic phase of holmium hydroxide agrees well with calculations based on optically derived crystalfield parameters. The field dependence of the hyperfine splitting, to be described in the pres...

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The hyperfine splitting of the ground state and first excited state of holmium in yttrium hydroxide

Bunbury¹,

Carboni²,

Cone³

et al. 1995

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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We have studied the field dependence of the hyperfine splitting of 165Ho in yttrium hydroxide by spin echo NMR at liquid helium temperatures and in fields up to 8 T. Hyperfine spectra have been obtained from the electronic ground state and from the first excited state. The measured hyperfine splittings are compared with theoretical results obtained by diagonalizing the complete electronic-nuclear Hamiltonian for the nominally 5I8 ground multiplet of Ho3+, using crystal field parameters derived from optical spectroscopy. There is close agreement between the measured and calculated quadrupolar and octupolar splittings, but we find a significant difference between the measured and calculated dipolar splittings, especially when allowance is made for J mixing. Agreement is restored, to within the uncertainties, if the currently accepted value of the dipolar hyperfine coupling coefficient for the free Ho3+ ion is reduced by 1.3%. Independent evidence for a reduction of that order will be presented in a later publication. The ratio of nuclear to electronic antishielding factors for Ho3+ is found to be gamma N/ gamma E=148+or-10, in close agreement with the value obtained in pure holmium hydroxide.

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Optical studies of energy levels in Dy(OH)₃

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Assessment of theRE(OH)3Ising magnetic materials as possible candidates for the study of transverse-field-induced quantum phase transitions

Assessment of theRE(OH)3Ising magnetic materials as possible candidates for the study of transverse-field-induced quantum phase transitions

Field dependence of the hyperfine splitting of holmium in holmium hydroxide

The hyperfine splitting of the ground state and first excited state of holmium in yttrium hydroxide

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Optical studies of energy levels in Dy(OH)3

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Assessment of theRE(OH)3Ising magnetic materials as possible candidates for the study of transverse-field-induced quantum phase transitions

Assessment of theRE(OH)3Ising magnetic materials as possible candidates for the study of transverse-field-induced quantum phase transitions

Field dependence of the hyperfine splitting of holmium in holmium hydroxide

The hyperfine splitting of the ground state and first excited state of holmium in yttrium hydroxide

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Optical studies of energy levels in Dy(OH)₃