Optical spectroscopy of high-LRydberg states of nickel

Abstract

Binding energies of 23 Rydberg fine-structure levels of Ni with n = 9 and L 5 were measured using resonant excitation Stark ionization spectroscopy. From this spectrum, the quadrupole moment and the scalar and tensor dipole polarizability of the 2 D 5/2 ground state of Ni + were determined to be Q = −0.474(2), α d,0 = 7.92(6), and α d,2 = 1.15(14) a.u. The electric hexadecapole moment was determined to be −0.33(21) a.u.

Properties of Fr-like Th3+from spectroscopy of high-LRydberg levels of ThKeele1, Hanni2, Woods3 et al. 2011Phys. Rev. ASelf Cite150290View full textAdd to dashboardCite

“…An electron cyclotron resonance source produces a 75-keV beam of Th 3+ , charge and mass selected at (1) using a 20 • magnet. The beam then passes through a Rb target at (2) where it charge captures a highly excite electron, becoming a beam of Th 2+ Rydberg states. Then at (3) the beam passes through a 15 • magnet where it is charge analyzed and the Th 2+ Rydberg beam is selected, eliminating any remaining Th 3+ beam.…”

“…Previous studies of Rydberg systems with anisotropic cores include Ne and Ar (J c = 3/2) [11,12] and Ni (J c = 5/2) [2]. Each of these systems was adequately described by an effective potential derived from an adiabatic expansion of the secondorder perturbation energies.…”

“…One method that has been used to study many such fine-structure patterns is the resonant excitation Stark ionization spectroscopy (RESIS) technique [1]. This method was recently used to study Rydberg levels of Ni whose complexity is comparable to the Th 2+ levels studied here [2]. The Th 3+ ion is Fr-like since it has a single valence electron outside a closed-shell Rn-like core, but unlike neutral Fr its ground state is not a 7 2 S 1/2 state.…”

Low-excited f-, g- and h-states in Au, Ag and Cu observed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the 1000–7500 cm−1region

“…Therefore these high-l states have very small quantum defects determined by long-range interaction with the atomic core (Lundeen, 2005). These interactions are described by simple analytical expressions that allow to extract the characteristics of the atomic core ion as polarizabilities, multipole momenta from precise microwave (Hanni et al, 2008) or optical (Keele et al, 2010) measurements of high-l states (for the use of high-l spectroscopy for the measurement of some relativistic interaction constants see (Lundeen, 2005)). Note that the theoretical calculations of these values depends crucially on very precise atomic wavefunction behavior in the vicinity of the nucleus, and therefore the above measurements can also be considered as a test of the atomic ab initio calculations.…”

“…The above mentioned measurements (Hanni et al, 2008;Keele et al, 2010) were performed for Rydberg multiplets corresponding to the principal quantum numbers n = 9..10 by observing transitions from these levels to states with n = 20..21 or n = 30..31. At the same time, information about low-lying states with l ≥ 4 is rather scarce.…”