Optical second harmonic generation study of interface magnetism

Spierings, G. A. C. M.; Koutsos, Vasileios; Wierenga, H.A.; Prins, Mwj Menno; Abraham, D. L.; Rasing, T.H.M.

doi:10.1016/0039-6028(93)91065-w

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The magnetization induced changes in the SH intensity are very high: p = 48% for the 15 ML Co film. This value is of the same order of magnitude as in previous experiments on other systems [13][14][15]. We have verified that the SH intensity generated by clean Cu(001) is about 1 order of magnitude lower than the lowest signal from Co/Cu(001) for all Co thicknesses and does not depend on the magnetic field.…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

“…Whereas the first technique is extremely sur face sensitive, but cannot probe buried interfaces [12], MOKE has a probing depth of the order of 10 nm, i.e., it represents the bulk magnetization. Recently, it has been shown that the interface sensitive nonlinear optical tech nique of second harmonic generation is also sensitive to the magnetization [13][14][15][16].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Interface Magnetism and Possible Quantum Well Oscillations in Ultrathin Co/Cu Films Observed by Magnetization Induced Second Harmonic Generation

Wierenga¹,

Jong²,

Prins³

et al. 1995

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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142

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confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Magnetism and Possible Quantum Well Oscillations in Ultrathin Co/Cu Films Observed by Magnetization Induced Second Harmonic Generation

Wierenga¹,

Jong²,

Prins³

et al. 1995

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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142

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“…On theoretical grounds it has been well established, that magnetic effects should be detectable with SHG [14,15], and first experimental indications were given by Reif et al [16] and Spierings et al [17]. The presence of a magnetization does not break the inversion symmetry, as it is described by an axial vector.…”

Section: Shg From Magnetic Multilayersmentioning

confidence: 96%

Studies of buried interfaces by optical second-harmonic generation

Rasing¹

1994

Appl. Phys. A

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Abstract. Optical Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) has been used to study the technologically very important buried semiconductor-metal and magnetic multilayer interfaces. For the case of GaAs-Au, the SHG intensity is shown to depend on the applied bias and Schottky barrier height, and is strongly affected by the sweepout of the carriers generated by the fs excitation pulses. For the M/Co/M multilayers, with M = Cu or Au, the SHG signals appear to depend strongly on the magnetization and can be shown to be interface specific. PACS: 42.65, 73.30, 75.70 Nonlinear optical techniques like Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) and Sum-Frequency Generation (SFG) have been proven to be versatile and sensitive surface and interface probes, that derive their surface specificity from the symmetry breaking at interfaces [1,2]. In particular, they are unique for studying buried interfaces, that are practically inaccessible by other than optical techniques. Such interfaces, like semiconductormetal, metal-metal, metal-electrolyte and various other interfaces, are highly relevant from a practical point of view, but also pose many fundamental questions about the interfacial electronic structure and dynamics. In this paper two of such interface problems will be adressed: the electric-field dynamics at a Schottky barrier and the magnetic structure of interfaces between thin films of magnetic and nonmagnetic materials. Though both studies rely on field-induced effects (electrical and magnetic, respectively), the observed signals appear to be quite large and to contain some interesting new results.Paper presented at the 129th WE-Heraeus-Seminar on "Surface Studies by Nonlinear Laser Spectroscopies", Kassel, Germany, May 30 to June 1, 1994 SHG at a metabsemiconductor interfaceThe problem of Schottky barrier formation at a metalsemiconductor interface still attracts a lot of attention, as new developments in material fabrication and structure determination have shown that the precise interface structure plays a crucial role in determining the Schottky barrier height. For electro-optic applications, not only the static electronic structure but even more importantly, the dynamics near these interfaces in extremely relevant, as this will affect the speed of such devices. Recent photoluminescence studies of a Au/GaAs structure have shown unexpected field and laser intensity dependences at quite moderate laser powers (10 mW) that are commonly met in optical semiconducting devices [3,4]. Theoretical models suggest a very rapid drop of the effective barrier height as a result of the spatial separation of the carriers excited by the incident laser puls (carrier sweepout). However, the photoluminescence is only indirectly affected by this interface field, as the signal is coming from a large bulk region. Very recently, Qi et al. [5] showed the power of SHG to probe the band bending region in GaAs. A direct way to probe the (time evolution of the) effective Schottky barrier height would be to measure the field induced SHG with ultra-short excitat...

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“…In highly symmetric cases the coordinate system can be chosen such that only a few elements c ð2Þ are nonzero. For the isotropic case or for the (001) surface of a cubic crystal there are c Magneto-optical effects in the SHG from surfaces have been discussed in theoretical papers of Pan et al [11] and Hü bner and Bennemann [12] and have been demonstrated experimentally soon after [13][14][15]. Meanwhile a large number of publications have proven MSHG as a valuable tool for the investigation of magnetism at surfaces and interfaces [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetization Induced Second Harmonic Generation from Ultrathin Metallic Multilayers

Vollmer

Regensburger

et al. 2001

phys. stat. sol. (a)

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The article reviews recent measurements using the Magnetization induced Second Harmonic Generation (MSHG) from ultrathin metallic films and multilayers. Emphasis is put on the high surface and interface sensitivity and the influence of 'quantum well states' (QWS). With the example of a Ni/Cu/Ni/Cu(001) multilayer structure we show that there is a net (magnetic) contribution from the symmetrically buried lower Ni layer because of the presence of QWS in the Cu spacer layer, which makes the observation of antiferromagnetic coupling in the Ni/Cu/Ni/Cu(001) structure possible with MSHG.

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Optical second harmonic generation study of interface magnetism

Cited by 44 publications

References 15 publications

Interface Magnetism and Possible Quantum Well Oscillations in Ultrathin Co/Cu Films Observed by Magnetization Induced Second Harmonic Generation

Interface Magnetism and Possible Quantum Well Oscillations in Ultrathin Co/Cu Films Observed by Magnetization Induced Second Harmonic Generation

Studies of buried interfaces by optical second-harmonic generation

Magnetization Induced Second Harmonic Generation from Ultrathin Metallic Multilayers

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