Optical properties of pulsed laser deposited bismuth films

Sande, Juan Carlos González de; Missana, Tiziana; Afonso, Carmen N.

doi:10.1063/1.363775

Cited by 56 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Their effective behavior is close to that of a semi-infinite medium, as discussed in Ref. 16. areal density of Bi follows a linear dependence with the number of pulses, thus indicating a good control of the experimental conditions, which allows to vary very accurately the amount of metal atoms.…”

Section: A Bi:ge Filmssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…From these data it can be calculated that around 9ϫ10 13 Bi at/cm 2 are only deposited on the substrate with a single pulse. The areal density of the deposited Ge is 6.7Ϯ0.5ϫ10 16 at/cm 2 which is the same for all the films within the experimental error. Taking into account both Bi and Ge areal densities, the Bi at.…”

Section: A Bi:ge Filmssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Since the optical parameters of the two components of the film, Bi 16 and Al 2 O 3 ͓from Fig. 4͑c͔͒ are known, the effective medium model is applied to determine the thickness of the composite film, the best fit being obtained for 226Ϯ2 nm which is in good agreement with the value obtained independently from the in situ reflectivity measurements ͑Fig.…”

Section: B Bi:al 2 O 3 Filmsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…15,16 The effective medium model through the use of a standard regression method gives the volume fraction of Bi in a-Ge, and the film thickness which leads to the best fit. Good fits to the experimental data were obtained following this procedure, with an unbiased estimator always lower than 0.02.…”

Section: A Bi:ge Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectroscopic ellipsometry of composite thin films with embedded Bi nanocrystals

Serna

Sande²,

Ballesteros

et al. 1998

Journal of Applied Physics

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Spectroscopic ellipsometry together with an effective medium model is used to determine simultaneously the effective refractive index, thickness, and metal volume fraction of thin nanocomposite films. The films are formed by Bi nanocrystals embedded in amorphous matrices, either semiconducting ͑Ge͒ or dielectric (Al 2 O 3 ). For the Bi:Ge films ͑metal in an absorbing host͒, the values obtained for both the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index vary continuously from that of Ge to that of Bi. The metal contents determined from the ellipsometry analysis are in excellent agreement with those obtained from direct measurements of the composition. For the Bi:Al 2 O 3 films ͑metal in a nonabsorbing host͒, the extinction coefficient (k) exhibits a maximum around 360 nm which is related to the metal plasmon resonance frequency of Bi nanocrystals. The metal content determined from the ellipsometry analysis in this case is underestimated, probably due to interaction of the Bi crystals with the Al 2 O 3 host.

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Section: A Bi:ge Filmssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: A Bi:ge Filmssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: B Bi:al 2 O 3 Filmsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: A Bi:ge Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectroscopic ellipsometry of composite thin films with embedded Bi nanocrystals

Serna

Sande²,

Ballesteros

et al. 1998

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Only the values of n and k for the films with 25 and 200 pulses on Bi per layer have been included for clarity. For comparison, the values of n and k for pure PLD a-Ge [114] and Bi [115] films are included in the figure. One may observe that the curves with 200 and 25 pulses on Bi per layer are close to those of pure Bi and pure a-Ge, respectively.…”

Section: Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ellipsometry and Its Applications in Stoichiometry

Zheng¹,

Zhang²,

Chen³

2012

Stoichiometry and Materials Science - When Numbers Matter

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Metallodielectric Photonic Crystals Assembled from Monodisperse Spherical Colloids of Bismuth and Lead

Wang

Ibisate

et al. 2006

Advanced Materials

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Photonic crystals (PCs) are periodic structures that can prohibit the propagation of light with frequencies inside the photonic bandgap.[1] Recently, PCs constructed from metals have attracted considerable attention because of some unique features that conventional dielectric PCs cannot provide.[2]For instance, calculations indicate that there exists a large and complete bandgap in the optical regime for face-centered cubic (fcc) lattices constructed from metallic or metallodielectric (the discontinuous cermet topology) building blocks with lattice constants on the sub-500 nm scale.[3] Realization of such a three-dimensional (3D) structure, however, has posed a great challenge for current lithography techniques. [4] In comparison, the self-assembly approach [5] that involves spontaneous crystallization of colloids from a suspension appears to provide a much simpler and less-expensive route to PCs. Many studies have reported on self-assembled PCs made of dielectrics such as polystyrene and silica [6] because these materials can be readily prepared as monodisperse spherical colloids of suitable sizes and in relatively copious quantities. Recently, a number of semiconductors (e.g., CdS, ZnS, Se, CdSe, Ag 2 Se, and TiO 2 ) have been prepared as monodisperse spherical colloids and further crystallized into fcc lattices with stop bands located in the visible regime. [7] To our knowledge, there are very few reports on the fabrication of all-metallic colloidal crystals that operate at optical wavelengths. The main challenge seems to originate from the difficulty in preparing highly monodisperse metal spheres with size variations below 5 % and diameters controllable in the range of 0.1-1 lm.[8]For the synthesis of monodisperse spherical metal colloids, most previous studies have been limited to the size range below 100 nm.[9]To partially overcome the technical barrier associated with the direct synthesis of spherical metal colloids with diameters larger than 100 nm, Wiley and co-workers, as well as several other groups, have made progress by demonstrating a template-directed method for generating spherical colloids from a number of metals.[10] The use of a template, however, has a number of intrinsic shortcomings or limitations. For example, the quantity of colloids that can be produced in each synthesis run is limited by the available pores in the template. In addition, any defects in the template would lead to the formation of colloids with poorly defined structures and shapes. Furthermore, additional steps are often required in order to separate the metal colloids from the template. In another approach, coating of silica or polystyrene spherical colloids with metal shells has been explored with some success, [11] but the resultant core/shell particles often exhibit problems such as incomplete coating, uneven shell thickness, and deviation from a spherical shape due to surface roughness and anisotropic growth of the metal coating. We recently demonstrated two different, solution-based approaches (top-down and bottom-u...

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Optical properties of pulsed laser deposited bismuth films

Cited by 56 publications

References 16 publications

Spectroscopic ellipsometry of composite thin films with embedded Bi nanocrystals

Spectroscopic ellipsometry of composite thin films with embedded Bi nanocrystals

Ellipsometry and Its Applications in Stoichiometry

Metallodielectric Photonic Crystals Assembled from Monodisperse Spherical Colloids of Bismuth and Lead

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