Optical properties of Er3+ doped alkali chlorophosphate glasses for optical amplifiers

Abstract

Introduction:

Excitation and luminescence of rare earth-doped lead phosphate glasses

“…5). The excitation energy transfers , which is demanded for optical amplifiers operating in the third telecommunication window [5][6][7][8][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70]. Several spectroscopic parameters of Er 3? ions are important in relation to practical application in optoelectronics.…”

Analisis Sifat Lasing Bahan Optical Amplifier untuk Sistem Komunikasi Optik Menggunakan Aplikasi Berbasis MATLAB

“…Gambar 2 merupakan hasil karakteristik UV/Vis yang menunjukkan terdapat delapan puncak yaitu sekitar panjang gelombang 408,451,489,521,544,653,799, 980 nm yang sama dengan level energi 4H9/2 , 4F5/2 , 4F7/2 , 4H11/2, 4S3/2, 4F9/2, 4I9/2, dan 4I11/2. Hasil temuan puncak puncak tersebut sama dengan penelitian lain (Sazali et al, 2014) (Pradeesh et al, 2008) (Sazali et al, 2014).…”

Optical Amplifiers from Rare-Earth Co-Doped Glass Waveguides

“…Morever, due to the presence of alkali ions, the rare earth solubility improves leading to the possibility of using a high concentration of dopants, which is very important for short length optical amplifiers,and further provides suitability for the fabrication of optical wave guide devices by ion exchange. Also chloro/fluorophosphate glasses show potential as hosts for lasers and holographic gratings, specially lead-bearing fluorides are considered to be good candidates for up-conversion studies (Pradeesh et al, 2008, Vijaya Prakash, et al 1999. Phosphate laser glass is an attractive amplifier material because it combines the required properties of good chemical durability, high gain density, wide bandwidth emission spectrum of erbium, and low up-conversion characteristics (Miniscalco, 1991).…”

“…However, the knowledge is still largely incomplete due to unusual structural characteristics such as high co-ordinations of the elements present and the large number of chemical elements that are being used in the compositions of these glasses. Our extensive studies on phosphate glasses show wide range of transparency, moisture insensitivity and ability in accepting large amount of rare earths as dopants, and most importantly the compatibility for fibre and waveguides Surendra babu et al, 281 2007, Pradeesh et al, 2008. In this chapter we review the essential rare earth spectroscopic details such as absorption analysis through Judd-Ofelt computations, emission lifetimes, gain cross-sections etc,.…”