Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications

Soldano, LB; Pennings, E.C.M.

doi:10.1109/50.372474

Cited by 2,336 publications

(1,341 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The MMI structure is designed from the viewpoint of reducing the insertion loss. According to the principle of self-imaging of the MMI structure [22,23], the optimized structural parameters of the MMI are as follows: the width of the MMI structure is W MMI = 9 μm, the length of the MMI structure is L MMI = 74 μm, the spacing between two output straight waveguides is D = 4.6 μm, the length of the taper section is L taper = 62 μm, and the width of the taper section is W taper = 2.2 μm. …”

Section: Biosensor Structure Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer integrated waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect

Han

Shao

et al. 2017

Photonic Sens

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Abstract:The polymer waveguide optical biosensor based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) by using spectral splitting effect is investigated. The MZI based biosensor has two unequal width sensing arms. With the different mode dispersion responses of the two-arm waveguides to the cladding refractive index change, the spectral splitting effect of the output interference spectrum is obtained, inducing a very high sensitivity. The influence of the different mode dispersions between the two-arm waveguides on the spectral splitting characteristic is analyzed. By choosing different lengths of the two unequal width sensing arms, the initial dip wavelength of the interference spectrum and the spectral splitting range can be controlled flexibly. The polymer waveguide optical biosensor is designed, and its sensing property is analyzed. The results show that the sensitivity of the polymer waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect is as high as 10 4 nm/RIU, with an improvement of 2-3 orders of magnitude compared with the slot waveguide based microring biosensor.

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Section: Biosensor Structure Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer integrated waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect

Han

Shao

et al. 2017

Photonic Sens

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“…The most important parameter the coupling length L π is defined as the beat length between the two lowest guided modes of the MMI waveguide. It is approximated by the standard mode propagation analysis (MPA) [22,23] as:…”

Section: By 2 Power Cross Couplermentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Analysis of Dielectric Waveguide Devices Based on Coupled Transverse-Mode Integral Equation-Numerical Investigation

Chang

Wu²,

Lu³

et al. 2009

PIER

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Abstract-This is a numerical investigation of a recently proposed formulation called coupled transverse-mode integral equation (CTMIE) for analyzing EM field properties in general 2-D dielectric waveguide devices. The device is first approximated by stack of piece-wise 1-D horizontally layered structures. Transverse field components on the interface between waveguide slices are unknown functions, which are governed by a coupled integral equation. When unknowns are expanded as a linear combination of given functions, CTMIE is converted to a coupled block matrix equation. We study three waveguide devices, in detail, to understand the relation between modeling parameters and accuracy and convergent rate of the solutions. Examples include a step waveguide junction, a multi-mode interferometer power cross coupler and a linearly tapered waveguide. All results are verified with independent calculations using other proven methods.

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“…1a). For all our devices we have H = W = 10 µm, r = 0.6. splitting ratio at λ = 1.3 µm using the restricted multimode interference method [8] for symmetric interference. Assuming the MMI input waveguide is at the center and only the fundamental mode is present to excite multimode propagation in the MMI coupler input, N-fold images of the input field are self-imaged at a distance L = p/N(3L π /4) [8], where p is an integer greater than 0 and L π is the beat length between the two lowest-order modes.…”

Section: Devices Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensity modulation in two Mach–Zehnder interferometers using plasma dispersion in silicon-on-insulator

2001

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We present comparative measurements of two Mach-Zehnder interferometers, one with Y-junction couplers and the other with MMI couplers, both developed in siliconon-insulator technology and using plasma dispersion effect for light phase modulation. Measurements of fiber-to-fiber losses, absorption coefficient, output intensity vs. time and extinction ratio vs. frequency have been performed at λ = 1.3 µm and at λ = 1.55 µm. Results are reported and discussed in this paper.PACS 42.25.Hz; 42.82 Bq; 42.82 Et; 42.82 Gw; 42.79Hp IntroductionMach-Zehnder interferometers (MZI) in siliconon-insulator (SOI) technology have been and still are the subject of much interest due to the high potential of silicon optoelectronic devices. Silicon is highly transparent in the infrared spectral region and its electronic capabilities are well known, making SOI a very attractive technology combining optical and electronic functions with optimal features on the same substrate.MZIs using standard Y-junction couplers based on the thermo-optic effect have already been proposed in the past. These devices have a limited extinction ratio of about 13 dB for the best reported [1, 2, 4], and are bandwidth-limited to about 100 kHz [1, 2], except for a special device operating up to 700 kHz [5]. Multimode interference (MMI) couplers in SOI technology have been proposed for the first time in thermo-optic 1 × 2 and 2 × 2 switches [3].MZIs using standard Y-junction couplers based on the plasma dispersion effect have also been proposed in the past [6,7]. A response time of 50 ns and a modulation depth of − 4.9 dB are reported in [6], while a modulation depth of 98% measured in [7].We present two MZIs, one with Y-junction-couplers and one with MMI couplers, both based on the plasma dispersion effect. A Y-junction-couplers MZI based on the thermo-optic effect has also been realized on the same substrate for performance comparison. The fiber-to-fiber insertion losses, ab-✉ Fax: +41-21/693 26 14, E-mail: paolo.dainesi@epfl.ch sorption coefficients, optical coefficients modulated intensities as functions of time, and modulation extinction ratios versus signal frequencies for these devices were measured at the wavelengths 1.3 µm and 1.55 µm. At 1.3 µm, polarizationsensitive extinction ratio measurements were also performed. Comparative results are reported and discussed in this paper.The Y-junction MZI shows the best extinction ratio reported to date, and the MMI MZI is the first device presented in this configuration. Devices descriptionThe devices were realized by etching rib waveguides in a separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) SOI wafer, the cross-section being shown in Fig. 1a. SOI wafers were originally developed to solve some of the problems shown in bulk silicon electronics related to the stray capacitance between the doped regions and the substrate. The SIMOX process consists basically of two steps [12]: first, a heavy dose of oxygen is implanted on a standard silicon substrate. Actually the reference parameters are: oxygen dose of 1.8...

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Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications

Cited by 2,336 publications

References 45 publications

Polymer integrated waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect

Polymer integrated waveguide optical biosensor by using spectral splitting effect

Field Analysis of Dielectric Waveguide Devices Based on Coupled Transverse-Mode Integral Equation-Numerical Investigation

Intensity modulation in two Mach–Zehnder interferometers using plasma dispersion in silicon-on-insulator

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