Optical modeling and characterization of bifacial SiN_x/AlO_x dielectric layers for surface passivation and antireflection in PERC

Abstract

In this research, we analyzed the impact that the optical characteristics of dielectric surface passivation and antireflection coating schemes have on the performance of passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) silicon solar cells. We employed wafer ray tracer (WRT) and automate for simulation of heterostructure (AFORS‐HET) simulations, as well as experimental characterization of fabricated thin film coatings. We investigated three distinct front surface morphologies: planar surface, upright pyramids, and inverted pyramids. Using WRT, we calculated the photogeneration current densities (JG) for PERC devices with three schemes: (i) SiNx/AlOx as antireflection coating and passivation stacks on both the front and rear sides, (ii) SiNx antireflection coating on the front side and AlOx passivation layer on the rear side, and (iii) SiNx/AlOx as antireflection coating and passivation stacks on the front side with an AlOx passivation layer on the rear side. Following simulation with optimal JG, two schemes are experimentally evaluated: PECVD SiNx (70 nm) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) AlOx (15 and 25 nm). We confirmed the growth effects and optical properties using X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, effective lifetime, and refractive index measurements. The most favorable electrical properties were obtained with SiNx (70 nm, front) and AlOx (25 nm, front and rear), where the AlOx can be deposited via ALD bifacially on a single step, minimizing processing while maintaining passivation performance. Finally, we used AFORS‐HET to simulate the maximum performance of PERC bearing such films. The results showed a Voc = 0.688 V, Jsc = 41.42 mA/cm2, FF = 84%, and packing conversion efficiency (PCE) = 24.12% as the optimal solar cell performance values.

Optimizing Lead-free MASnBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells for High-Efficiency and Long-Term Stability Using Graphene and Advanced Interface Layers

“…The optimal PSC efficiency metrics are as follows: PCE = 31.97%, V oc = 1.112 V, J sc = 32.54 mA/cm 2 , and FF = 89.38%. The optimized performance is much higher than the conventional silicon solar cell and recent developments in PSCs. − …”

Comprehensive investigation of material properties and operational parameters for enhancing performance and stability of FASnI3-based perovskite solar cells

“…Organic–inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received significant attention among various solar cell technologies since firstly reported in 2009 by Miyasaka 2 . Their power conversion efficiency has rapidly increased from 3 to 24%, approaching the efficiency of silicon technology, which stands at around 27% 3 , 4 . Thanks to the unique structure of perovskite materials employing the ABX 3 formula, where A represents the larger cation of either inorganic (alkali metal Cs + ) or organic (CH 3 NH 3 + , MA or HC(NH 2 ) 2 + , FA) nature, B is the smaller divalent metal cation ( , , or ) and X denotes a single halide anion or mixture ( , , , or ) 2 .…”